Which Hard and Soft Tissue Factors Relate with the Amount of Buccal Corridor Space during Smiling?

Abstract

Objective: To investigate which hard and soft tissue factors relate with the amount of buccal corridor area (BCA) during posed smiling. Materials and Methods: The samples consisted of 92 adult patients (19 men and 73 women; 56 four first bicuspids extraction and 36 nonextraction treatment cases; mean age ϭ 23.5 years), who were treated only with a fixed appliance and finished with Angle Class I canine and molar relationships. To eliminate the crowding effect on the buccal corridor area, lateral cephalograms, dental casts, and standardized frontal posed smile photographs were obtained at debonding stage and 28 variables were measured. Pearson correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and independent t-test were used to find variables that were related with buccal corridor area ratio (BCAR). Results: Among the lateral cephalometric and dental cast variables, FMA, lower anterior facial height, upper incisor (U1) exposure, U1 to facial plane, lower incisor (L1) to mandibular plane, L1 to N-B, Sn (subnasale) to soft tissue menton (MeЈ), Sn to stomodium superius (stms), stms to MeЈ, and interpremolar width were significantly negatively correlated with BCAR. Occlusal plane inclination and buccal corridor linear ratio did not show any significant correlation with BCAR. Multiple linear regression analysis generated a three-variable model: Sn to MeЈ, U1 exposure, and sum of tooth material (STM) (R 2 ϭ 0.324). There was no significant difference in BCAR between extraction and nonextraction groups. Conclusions: To control the amount of BCA for achieving a better esthetic smile, it is necessary to observe the vertical pattern of the face, amount of upper incisor exposure, and sum of the tooth material.

Influence of buccal corridor dimension on smile esthetics

“…14 Others compared smiles of different individuals whose lateral dark space shared no similarity, either by extracting premolars or otherwise. 15,23 In this study the lateral dark space was changed by altering tooth position, starting from the upper canines, since, according to Frush and Fisher, 10 although the buccal corridor can only be viewed posteriorly to the canines, the position and inclination of these teeth control their size and shape. This is due to the fact that canines play a key role in shaping the dental arch, which can be attested to when mounting teeth in a complete denture.…”

“…5,10,14,15,23 Some modified the same smile by adding or removing teeth, 5,10 changing the width of the teeth starting from the first maxillary premolars, 4 or changing the number and transverse width of posterior teeth. 14 Others compared smiles of different individuals whose lateral dark space shared no similarity, either by extracting premolars or otherwise.…”

Maxillary arch width and buccal corridor changes with Damon and conventional brackets: A retrospective analysis

“…9 Buccal corridors can be influenced by the anteroposterior position of the maxilla, arch form, maxillary width, and facial pattern. [10][11][12][13][14][15] However, there is little to no supporting data that bracket systems influence buccal corridors.…”

Changes in Smile Proportions Concomitant to Extraction and Non- Extraction Orthodontia (A Comparative Study)

“…One of which is a study (46) which investigated which hard and soft tissue factors are related with the amount of buccal corridor space during smiling and stated that the buccal corridor is a multifactorial phenomenon and to control the amount of buccal corridor area for achieving a better esthetic smile, it is necessary to observe the vertical pattern of the face. A more recent study (47) analyzed smile in different facial patterns and investigated its correlation with underlying hard tissues and concluded that posterior corridor in vertical facial growth pattern individuals was found to be significantly less when compared with average facial growth pattern individuals.…”