White light induced photocatalytic activity of sulfur-doped TiO2 thin films and their potential for antibacterial application

Abstract

Sulfur-doped titania thin films were prepared by atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition (APCVD) for the first time using titanium tetrachloride, ethyl acetate and carbon disulfide. The films were compared to two industrial self-cleaning products: ActivÔ and BIOCLEANÔ, and shown to be superior in both photocatalysis and photo-induced superhydrophilicity, two preferential properties of effective self-cleaning coatings. X-Ray diffraction showed the films have the anatase TiO 2 structure. XPS and EDX analysis shows changes in S : Ti ratio with preparative conditions indicating that sulfur has indeed been incorporated into the lattice. S-Doped TiO 2 films were found to be effective agents for killing the bacterium Escherichia coli using light sources commonly found in UK hospitals.

Mechanochemistry: opportunities for new and cleaner synthesis

“…TiO 2 is a widely used UV semi-conductor photocatalyst with applications in self-cleaning coatings, anti-microbial coatings and photo-activated water splitting. [101] Production of TiO 2 nanoparticles has been achieved by: mechanochemical decomposition of titanyl sulphate using NaCl diluents; [102] reaction of TiCl 4 and ammonium carbonate; [103] displacement reaction of TiOSO 4 .xH 2 O and Na 2 CO 3 . After annealing these particles had twice the activity of Degussa P25, the highly active industry standard.…”

Multifunctional P-Doped TiO2 Films: A New Approach to Self-Cleaning, Transparent Conducting Oxide Materials

“…TiO 2 has been extensively used in different photocatalytic applications, including water and air-purification, water splitting, self-cleaning materials and for the degradation of cancer cells and viruses. [1][2][3][4] However, the band-gap of TiO 2 (anatase phase ≈ 3.2 eV) lies in the UV region of the electromagnetic spectrum, which minimises its maximum solar efficiency. This has led to a large research drive to develop doping strategies in an effort to decrease the band gap of TiO 2 .…”

Highly synergistic antimicrobial activity of spherical and flower-like hierarchical titanium dioxide/silver composites

“…Cu [8] , Zn [9] , Ag [10] and Fe [11] ) and TiO 2 /non-metals composites [12][13][14] , so as to efficiently extend their utility as biomedical materials. Among these composites, TiO 2 /Ag composites are more potent antibacterial agents due to the fact that Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) deposited in TiO 2 matrix act as a conductor and charge separators for blocking electron-hole recombination, resulting in maximizing the production of ROS [15][16][17] .…”