White matter integrity differences in obesity: A meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies

Daoust, Justine; Schaffer, Joelle; Zeighami, Yashar; García‐García, Isabel; Michaud, Andréanne

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.020

Cited by 42 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Our results revealed significant associations between fiber density and bundle cross-sectional reductions and executive dysfunction in individuals with preMetS and MetS, as indicated by prolonged time to complete TMT (B–A), in WM tracts important for executive function [ 53 ], such as ATR, cingulum, IFO, ILF, and SLF. The WM microstructural damage, such as lower FA and/or higher MD, has also been associated with impairment in executive function in patients with individual components of MetS, such as hyperglycemia [ 54 ], hypertension [ 55 ], and obesity [ 56 ]. However, in contrast to DTI, FBA may provide more detailed biological information on changes occurring in the WM structure related to executive dysfunction in MetS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter fiber-specific degeneration in older adults with metabolic syndrome

Andica

Kamagata

Uchida

et al. 2022

Molecular Metabolism

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter fiber-specific degeneration in older adults with metabolic syndrome

Andica

Kamagata

Uchida

et al. 2022

Molecular Metabolism

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“…Using T2W and T2-FLAIR imaging, a higher adiposity is associated with higher volumes of white matter hyperintensities [ 59 ], which are a marker of small vessel disease [ 59 ]. Regarding tissue MR properties, several studies have also shown that a higher adiposity is associated with altered white matter properties, as indicated by lower FA and higher MD on DTI [ 56 , 60 , 61 ], and higher nT1WSI and MTR [ 43 , 47 , 62 ].…”

Section: Mr Imaging Of the Brain In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity-Related Neuroinflammation: Magnetic Resonance and Microscopy Imaging of the Brain

Woo

Botta

Shi

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Obesity is a major risk factor of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. The principal feature of dementia is a loss of neurons and brain atrophy. The mechanistic links between obesity and the neurodegenerative processes of dementias are not fully understood, but recent research suggests that obesity-related systemic inflammation and subsequent neuroinflammation may be involved. Adipose tissues release multiple proinflammatory molecules (fatty acids and cytokines) that impact blood and vessel cells, inducing low-grade systemic inflammation that can transition to tissues, including the brain. Inflammation in the brain—neuroinflammation—is one of key elements of the pathobiology of neurodegenerative disorders; it is characterized by the activation of microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, and by the structural and functional changes of other cells forming the brain parenchyma, including neurons. Such cellular changes have been shown in animal models with direct methods, such as confocal microscopy. In humans, cellular changes are less tangible, as only indirect methods such as magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are usually used. In these studies, obesity and low-grade systemic inflammation have been associated with lower volumes of the cerebral gray matter, cortex, and hippocampus, as well as altered tissue MR properties (suggesting microstructural variations in cellular and molecular composition). How these structural variations in the human brain observed using MR imaging relate to the cellular variations in the animal brain seen with microscopy is not well understood. This review describes the current understanding of neuroinflammation in the context of obesity-induced systemic inflammation, and it highlights need for the bridge between animal microscopy and human MR imaging studies.

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“…Executive function (EF), a sub-domain of cognitive capacity, also called cognitive or executive control, refers to a set of top-down neurocognitive mental processes against one’s bottom-up instinct actions (including three core subcomponents: inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility), which is necessary to make one’s decisions and engage in one’s purposeful and goal-driven behaviors [ 6 ]. While recent works suggested that overweight/obesity may increase the risk of EF issues [ 7 , 8 ], the overweight/obesity-EF relationship in adolescents has not been well studied [ 9 , 10 ]. Specifically, some studies reported adolescents with overweight/obesity, or higher body mass index (BMI) value, had poor EF performance [ 11 , 12 ], while others showed null results [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight spectrum and executive function in adolescents: the moderating role of negative emotions

Lin

Jiang

Sun

et al. 2022

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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Background While recent works suggested that overweight/obesity may impair executive function (EF), the overweight/obesity-EF relationship has not been well studied in adolescents. Furthermore, no research has investigated adolescent EF impairments across the weight spectrum (e.g., underweight or thinness, normal, overweight/obesity), especially those with underweight condition, with the moderating effect of negative emotions in the weight-EF association being limitedly investigated. We aimed to determine whether overall and abdominal weight spectrum associated with EF impairments and to identity whether negative emotions moderate the weight-EF link in adolescents. Methods We applied a subsample of the SCHEDULE-A project. Adolescents (11–18 years) were recruited using a multi-stage cluster random sampling approach. We measured the overall and abdominal weight spectrum by body mass index z-score and waist-to-height ratio, respectively. We used the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) to evaluate adolescent EF in nature setting, and utilized the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21) to assess three types of negative emotional status (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress). Results Of the 1935 adolescents, 963 (49.8%) were male. We observed that abdominal, not overall, overweight was associated with the Global Executive Composite (GEC) impairment (OR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.07–2.35), particularly for inhibit, emotion control, shift, working memory, and monitor domains. Furthermore, depression moderated the abdominal overweight-GEC association (P = 0.032 for interaction term), especially for emotional control, working memory, and initiate dimensions. Moreover, we also found abdominal thinness was associated with the Metacognition Index problem (OR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.04–1.72), particularly for plan and monitor areas. Conclusions Both abdominal overweight and thinness were associated with adolescent EF, and depression would be a modifiable target to improve EF in adolescents with abdominal overweight. Future longitudinal studies are needed to investigate the causal relationship between abdominal weight spectrum and EF, as well as the underlying mechanisms among adolescents suffering from depression.

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White matter integrity differences in obesity: A meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies

Cited by 42 publications

References 78 publications

White matter fiber-specific degeneration in older adults with metabolic syndrome

White matter fiber-specific degeneration in older adults with metabolic syndrome

Obesity-Related Neuroinflammation: Magnetic Resonance and Microscopy Imaging of the Brain

Weight spectrum and executive function in adolescents: the moderating role of negative emotions

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