White Mulberry (Morus alba) Foliage Methanolic Extract Can AlleviateAeromonas hydrophilaInfection in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Abstract

Two experiments were simultaneously conducted with Morus alba (white mulberry) foliage extract (MFE) as a growth promoter and treatment of Aeromonas hydrophila infection in separate 60 and 30 days trail (Experiments 1 and 2, resp.) in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). In Experiment 1, four diets, control and control supplemented with 2, 5, or 7 g MFE/kg dry matter (DM) of diet, were used. In Experiment 2, fish were intraperitoneally infected with Aeromonas hydrophila and fed the same diets as experiment 1 plus additional two diets with or without antibiotic. Results of experiment 1 showed that growth was unaffected by dietary levels of MFE. Treatments with the inclusion of MFE at the levels of 5 and 7 g/Kg DM had no mortality. Red blood cells (RBC), albumin, and total protein were all higher for the treatments fed MFE (5 and 7 g/Kg DM). Results of experiment 2 showed RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, globulin, albumin, and total protein improved with the increase in MFE in the infected fish. The dietary MFE at the level of 7 g/kg DM reduced mortality rate. In conclusion, MFE at the level of 7 g/kg DM could be a valuable dietary supplement to cure the infected fish.

Effects of dietary administration of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) on the growth performance, biochemical, hematological and immunological parameters in juvenile and adult Victoria Labeo (Labeo victorianus) challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila

“…The results of the present study indicated that inclusion of U. dioica in the fish diet increased the RBC counts and the values appeared to increase with increasing dietary inclusion levels of U. dioica in healthy fish. The current result is in agreement with observed increase in RBC in: C. carpio fed extract of Eurphobia hirta [57] and Aegle marmelos [58], Clarias gariepinus fed Morus alba extract [59], and juvenile H. huso fed diets supplemented with U. dioica [26]. These results also correspond with those by Nya and Austin [60] who reported the counts of RBC were significantly higher in rainbow trout fed with the garlic-added and ginger-added diets.…”

Effects of Fruits of Lapsi (Nepali Hog Plum) Choerospondias axillaris (roxb.) b.l.Burtt & a.w.Hill on Some Blood Parameters of Major Carp rohu Labeo rohita(H) During Intensive Aquaculture

“…The current result is in agreement with observed increase in RBCs in Cyprinus carpio fed extract of Eurphobia hirta and Aeglemarmellos , Clarias gariepinus fed Morus alba extract (Sheikhlar et al, 2014), and juvenile Huso huso fed diets supplemented with stinging nettle (Urtica diocia) (Binaii et al, 2014). Nya and Austin (2009) also reported higher RBC counts in rainbow trout fed with the garlic-added and ginger-added diets.…”

Effects of dietary levels of essential oil ( EO ) extract from bitter lemon ( C itrus limon ) fruit peels on growth, biochemical, haemato‐immunological parameters and disease resistance in Juvenile L abeo victorianus fingerlings challenged with A eromon

“…Against outbreaks of A. hydrophila, several plant extracts as alternative to antibiotics have been tested. These include Origanum heracleoticum in Ictalurus panctatus (Zheng, Tan, Liu, Zhou, Xiang & Wang 2009), Astragalus radix and Ganoderma lucidum in Cyprinus carpio (Yin, Ardo, Thompson, Adams, Jeney & Jeney 2009), Ocimum sanctum in Labeo rohita (Das, Raman, Saha & Singh 2013), Morus alba foliage methanolic extract in Clarias gariepinus (Sheikhlar, Alimon, Daud, Saad, Webster, Meng & Ebrahimi 2014) and Allium sativum in Oncorhynchus mykiss (Nya & Austin 2009). The essential oil (EO) extract have exhibited a wide spectrum of biological activity, thus elicit varying physiological, biochemical and haemato-immunological response in fish.…”