Whitening in Range to Improve Weather Radar Spectral Moment Estimates. Part I: Formulation and Simulation

Torres, Sebastián; Zrnić, Dúsan S.

doi:10.1175/1520-0426(2003)020<1433:wirtiw>2.0.co;2

Cited by 42 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Observe that the theoretically obtained SDs are somewhat smaller than the experimental ones. This is likely due to the increased pulse depth (in range) of 750 m, hence, further departure from the assumption of uniform reflectivity within the pulse, resulting in incomplete whitening (Torres and Zrnić 2003). Scatterplots (Figs.…”

Section: B Spectral Momentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These issues are discussed in the cited and other references (Kostinski and Koivunen 2000). Torres and Zrnić (2003) capitalize on the known behavior of weather signals in range and present a viable method for reducing variance of spectral moment estimates. They propose to sample the signal in range at time intervals L times smaller than the pulse duration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Whitening in Range to Improve Weather Radar Spectral Moment Estimates. Part II: Experimental Evaluation

Ivić

Zrnić

Torres

2003

J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol.

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Demonstration of a method for improved Doppler spectral moment estimation is made on NOAA's research and development Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) in Norman, Oklahoma. Time series data have been recorded using a commercial processor and digital receiver whereby the sampling frequency is several times larger than the reciprocal of the transmitted pulse width. The in-phase and quadrature-phase components of oversampled weather signals are used to estimate the first three spectral moments by suitably combining weighted averages in range with usual processing at fixed range locations. The weights are chosen in such a manner that the resulting signals become uncorrelated. Consequently, the variance of estimates decreases significantly as is verified by this experiment.

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Section: B Spectral Momentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whitening in Range to Improve Weather Radar Spectral Moment Estimates. Part II: Experimental Evaluation

Ivić

Zrnić

Torres

2003

J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol.

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“…WT considers over-sampling of the radar received signal using a linear prediction, or whitening, filter resulting in a larger error reduction than by simple averaging alone (Torres and Zrnic, 2003). This technique, implemented to date only in research environments, needs intensive processing power.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving weather radar observations using pulse‐compression techniques

O'Hora

Bech

2007

Meteorological Applications

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Pulse-compression techniques have been used for many years to increase sensitivity and range resolution in military and air traffic control radar systems. However, their application to ground-based weather radar has, so far, been very limited and restricted to research applications. This article describes the practical implementation of pulse compression using non-linear frequency modulation (NLFM) in a commercial digital processor/receiver and demonstrates its application to operational weather radars.Three case studies are presented, including the first application of pulse compression to ground-based travelling wave tube (TWT) weather radars. TWT radars use coherent transmitters with relatively low peak power compared to traditional magnetron or klystron systems, so in this case the sensitivity gain is crucial. The cases are from two different operational radars and illustrate the improved range resolution and sensitivity gain obtained using NLFM pulses compared to traditional simple pulses. Observations obtained using NLFM 40 µs pulses were nearly 15 dB more sensitive than those recorded with lower resolution using 1 µs simple pulses. A comparison of concurrent precipitation observations obtained with a TWT radar using pulse compression and low peak power (NLFM 40 µs and 8 kW) and a nearby traditional magnetron weather radar (2 µs and 250 kW) is also presented. The higher power system was more sensitive by less than 4 dB, but the improved resolution in the pulse compression allowed for enhanced Doppler filtering of ground clutter.

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“…Nonetheless, to reach a tenfold increase, advanced signal designs and processing are required. Oversampling and whitening of signals in range is a candidate for increasing the speed of volume coverage and reducing the errors of estimates (Torres and Zrnic 2003). This technique is effective at large signal-to-noise ratios and it will be explored.…”

Section: National Weather Radar Testbedmentioning

confidence: 99%