WHO celebrates 40 years since eradication of smallpox

Kirby, Tony

doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30012-8

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Throughout its existence, smallpox was responsible for the death of hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Its eradication in 1980 is considered one of the most outstanding achievements of human medicine and public health, reaching its 40th anniversary in 2020 [1,2]. The elimination of smallpox was only possible thanks to an eradication program developed and adopted for decades by the World Health Organization (WHO), which consisted of an extensive vaccination of the entire world population in the 20th century.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty Years after Bovine Vaccinia in Brazil: Where We Are and Where Are We Going?

et al. 2021

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Orthopoxvirus (OPV) infections have been present in human life for hundreds of years. It is known that Variola virus (VARV) killed over 300 million people in the past; however, it had an end thanks to the physician Edward Jenner (who developed the first vaccine in history) and also thanks to a massive vaccination program in the 20th century all over the world. Although the first vaccine was created using the Cowpox virus (CPXV), it turned out later that the Vaccinia virus was the one used during the vaccination program. VACV is the etiological agent of bovine vaccinia (BV), a zoonotic disease that has emerged in Brazil and South America in the last 20 years. BV has a great impact on local dairy economies and is also a burden to public health. In this review, we described the main events related to VACV and BV emergence in Brazil and South America, the increase of related scientific studies, and the issues that science, human and animal medicine are going to face if we do not be on guard to this virus and its disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty Years after Bovine Vaccinia in Brazil: Where We Are and Where Are We Going?

et al. 2021

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“…10 China ended this immunization program in 1981, along with the eradication of smallpox. 29 2 | METHODS…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral intentions of self‐isolation and informing close contacts after developing mpox‐related symptoms among young men who have sex with men in China

Xu,

Jiao,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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The 2022 multi‐country mpox outbreak raised public concern globally. Self‐isolation and informing close contacts after developing mpox‐related symptoms are critical measures in controlling the outbreak. This study investigated behavioral intentions of self‐isolation and informing close contacts after developing mpox‐related symptoms and associated factors among young men who have sex with men (YMSM) aged 18−29 years in China. The cross‐sectional study was conducted among 2493 YMSM in six provincial regions in China from September 10th to 30th, 2022. Descriptive and logistic analyses were applied, using the intentions of self‐isolation and informing close contacts after developing mpox‐related symptoms as binary outcomes. The mean age of the participants was 24.6 (SD = 2.9) years. The prevalence of having intentions of self‐isolation and informing close contacts after developing mpox‐related symptoms was 88.6% (95% CI: 87.3%−89.9%) and 84.9% (95% CI: 83.5%−86.3%). Participants who were employed (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.474, 95% CI: 1.035−2.097; AOR = 1.371, 95% CI:1.002, 1.876), had higher mpox knowledge scores (AOR = 1.474, 95% CI: 1.035−2.097; AOR = 1.371, 95% CI: 1.002−1.876), and had higher perceived threats of mpox (AOR = 1.079, 95% CI: 1.030−1.130; AOR = 1.045, 95% CI: 1.002−1.090) were more likely to intend to self‐isolate and inform close contacts. Participants who had MSM in‐person gatherings in the past 6 months were more likely to intend to self‐isolate (AOR = 1.392, 95% CI: 1.066−1.208). Participants with higher depression scores (AOR = 0.968, 95% CI: 0.948−0.989) and self‐stigma (AOR = 0.975, 95% CI: 0.954−0.997) were less likely to intend to self‐isolate and inform close contacts, respectively. Self‐isolation and informing close contacts when developing disease‐related symptoms are acceptable measures in response to mpox in China. Strengthening targeted risk communication and self‐efficacy, raising disease knowledge, providing mental support, and reducing stigma toward the affected community are warranted.

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“…This study aimed to investigate the level of mpox risk perceptions (including perceive susceptibility and perceived severity of mpox) and to explore the associated factors (including sociodemographic, cognitive, behavioral, and psychological factors) among young men who have sex with men (YMSM) aged 18–29 years in China. This specific age group was selected as they may have a high risk of mpox infection due to their social activeness and the absence of smallpox vaccination 22 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This specific age group was selected as they may have a high risk of mpox infection due to their social activeness and the absence of smallpox vaccination. 22…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mpox risk perception and associated factors among Chinese young men who have sex with men: Results from a large cross‐sectional survey

Jiao,

Xu,

Huang

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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The mpox outbreak since 2022 had attacked the community of men who have sex with men (MSM) heavily. This large cross‐sectional study investigated the levels and associated factors of mpox risk perception among young MSM (YMSM) aged 18–29 years in six provincial regions of China in September 2022. The participants were recruited via facility‐based sampling. Mpox risk perception was measured by perceived susceptibility and perceived severity of mpox. Geodetector was used to measure stratified heterogeneity of mpox risk perception. Univariate and multivariable linear regressions were used to examine the factors associated with mpox risk perception. A total of 2493 participants were included with a mean age of 24.6 years. The proportion of perceiving a susceptibility of mpox under different scenarios ranged 3.7%–17.0% and that of perceiving a severity of mpox ranged 81.6%–83.2%. Stratified heterogeneity of perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and overall perceived risk of mpox were observed in several characteristics such as study sites, monthly income, risk behaviors, and psychosocial factors. Multivariable regression showed the level of mpox risk perception was positively associated with having in‐person gathering activities (ba = 0.457, 95% CI: 0.208, 0.705), history of HIV infection (ba = 0.431, 95% CI: 0.028, 0.834), depressive symptoms (ba = 0.069, 95% CI: 0.049, 0.090), and self‐stigma to MSM identity (ba = 0.047, 95% CI: 0.024, 0.071). The Chinese YMSM showed a high level of perceived severity of mpox but a low level of perceived susceptibility. It is warranted to strengthen targeted risk communication of mpox, develop comprehensive and unstigmatized health messages, and provide mental health support for YMSM.

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WHO celebrates 40 years since eradication of smallpox

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Twenty Years after Bovine Vaccinia in Brazil: Where We Are and Where Are We Going?

Twenty Years after Bovine Vaccinia in Brazil: Where We Are and Where Are We Going?

Behavioral intentions of self‐isolation and informing close contacts after developing mpox‐related symptoms among young men who have sex with men in China

Mpox risk perception and associated factors among Chinese young men who have sex with men: Results from a large cross‐sectional survey

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