Who is buying electric vehicles in California? Characterising early adopter heterogeneity and forecasting market diffusion

Lee, Jae Hyun; Hardman, Scott; Tal, Gil

doi:10.1016/j.erss.2019.05.011

Cited by 120 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Buyers in other US states, Canada, and European nations have also been found to follow these trends [11]- [15]. However, PEV buyer profiles are changing over time and are moving away from a select group of high-income consumers, albeit slowly, with Lee et al [8] finding that middle income buyers increased from <5% of PEV buyers in 2021 to 7.9% in 2017. The authors suggest that this change is a result of saturation among "high-income" PEV buyers and diffusion to other segments.…”

Section: Electric Vehicle Buyersmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…PEV buyers (those that purchase or lease a PEV) are mostly male, high-income, highly educated, homeowners, who have multiple vehicles in their household, and have access to charging at home. In California, the largest and most researched PEV market in the US, buyers have a mean income of $190,000 per year, 81% own their home, 81% are college graduates, and 75% are male [8]. Research has also found PEV buyers in California are 55% white compared to 41% of conventional car buyers [9] and in Maryland only 4% of PEV owners are African-American, compared to 30% of the state population [10].…”

Section: Electric Vehicle Buyersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A perspective on equity in the transition to electric vehicle

Hardman

Fleming

Kare

et al. 2021

MIT Science Policy Review

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Since the recent introduction of electric vehicles began in 2008-2010, 80 different electric vehicle models and close to 2 million electric vehicles have been sold in the US. The need to commercialize electric vehicles meant research and policy has so far focused on how to establish the early electric vehicle market. The newness of electric vehicles, their high upfront cost, the need for charging access, and other issues meant equity has been overlooked. As regions progress toward goals of 100% electric vehicle sales, research and policy should consider how to establish a more equitable electric vehicle market so that the benefits of electrification are experienced by all and so that low-income households are not imposed with higher transportation costs.

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Section: Electric Vehicle Buyersmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Electric Vehicle Buyersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A perspective on equity in the transition to electric vehicle

Hardman

Fleming

Kare

et al. 2021

MIT Science Policy Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Consumer characteristics are often less important than vehicle price and performance attributes (Lane & Potter, 2007). In addition, early adopters are more concerned about technical than financial problems (Lee et al, 2019). The present study focuses on technological and contextual factors.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, new technologies underpin another set of added barriers as a result of comparing these innovations with market-dominant designs in criteria such as price and performance (Adner, 2002). Thus, early adopters are the main target group of the present research study since they are usually willing to pay a higher price or face below-average performance for the latest technology (Lee et al, 2019). Widespread adoption of an innovation usually requires a long period of time, even when it has obvious advantages (Rogers, 2010).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adoption of electric vehicles: Which factors are really important?

Higueras-Castillo

Guillén

Herrera

et al. 2020

International Journal of Sustainable Transportation

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Electric vehicles stand out for their ability to reduce pollution. However, electric vehicle sales have not been brisk despite their positive effects. The objective of this study is twofold: first, to determine the variables that predict the purchase of an electric vehicle from the implementation of an algorithm based on computational intelligence; second, to contrast these results with two panels of experts in consumer behavior and the automobile sector. An empirical study was carried out with 404 potential consumers in Spain with regard to their beliefs, attitudes and purchase intention. The results show that range, incentives and reliability are the most reliable predictors of purchase intention. Likewise, the experts posit that the selection of these three variables would be sufficient to know the purchase intention of potential buyers of electric vehicles. In addition, it provides useful information for policy makers and private companies for decision making in the electric vehicle marketing process.

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“…Research grounded in innovation theory [11] posits that there are different typologies of potential adopters of EVs, which are often linked to the time lapse between the product's launch and its adoption. Today, EVs remain in the early stages of the adoption in Spain, which raises the importance early adopters in this process as this typology of consumers tends to adopt new technologies faster than market segments [12][13][14]. As a result, this market segment remains key to research on EVs and has been analysed in various countries around the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Early Adopters of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles in Spain—Towards a Customer Profile

et al. 2020

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The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) by consumers is regarded as a key strategic goal for the reduction in transport-related air pollution levels. Although sales of EVs continue to rise year on year, generally, the attainment of the strategic goals set by various governments for the adoption of EVs remains a distant target. The purpose of this study is to identify the customer profile of early adopters of EVs in Spain: one of Europe’s largest economies, yet the country with the lowest uptake of EVs at present. The analysis presented here is based on an online survey of 404 potential consumers of EVs in Spain. A cluster analysis of the data was performed based on a set of three socio-demographic characteristics (gender, age, and income), one psychographic (green moral obligation—GMO) and two EV attributes (price and driving range). The results of this analysis showed that there exist two segments with respect to higher or lower customer intentions related to the adoption of EVs. These findings represent a theoretical contribution to current understanding of the customer profile of adopters of EVs and will contribute to the development of communication and retail strategies aimed at customers fitting the profile of early adopters of new technologies.

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Who is buying electric vehicles in California? Characterising early adopter heterogeneity and forecasting market diffusion

Cited by 120 publications

References 42 publications

A perspective on equity in the transition to electric vehicle

A perspective on equity in the transition to electric vehicle

Adoption of electric vehicles: Which factors are really important?

Potential Early Adopters of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles in Spain—Towards a Customer Profile

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