Who wants safer streets? Explaining concern for public safety in Brazil

Pradhan, Menno; Ravallion, Martin

doi:10.1016/s0167-4870(02)00152-6

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Since richer individuals are more attractive to criminals than poorer ones, the former may value neighborhood public safety more than the latter. Using survey information for Brazil's neighborhoods, [26] compute that a household's concern for public safety increases as its level of wealth increases. Although they relate this result to a strong income effect, they also claim that it can be partly explained by increments in the marginal utility of public safety as a household's wealth increases.…”

Section: Wealth and Preferences For Public Goodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voluntary Contribution to Public Goods: Preferences and Wealth

Nupia¹

2016

TEL

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This paper analyzes the role of wealth and its distribution in a model of voluntary-contribution to public goods where individuals' preferences for these goods depend on the level of individual's wealth. We find that under such circumstances a small redistribution of wealth among contributors is not necessary neutral. We then discuss the conditions under which a redistribution of wealth might improve efficiency in the aggregate provision of public goods. Unlikely what common sense might suggest, we show that a redistribution of wealth can increase the private provision of public goods regardless of whether individuals' valuations for these goods increase or decrease as their level of wealth increases. Furthermore, we show that under some circumstances, a regressive redistribution of wealth can increase the provision of public goods.

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Section: Wealth and Preferences For Public Goodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voluntary Contribution to Public Goods: Preferences and Wealth

Nupia¹

2016

TEL

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“…In attempting to explain the results of safety regulation, public policy researchers and practitioners have developed 10 prominent "theories" about safety regulation, actually testable hypotheses, which can be related to fires (Bounds, 2010: 15-18;Buchanan and Stubblebine, 1962;Cobin, 1997Cobin, : 14-34, 2013Hayek, 1945;Holcombe, 1995: 4-6;Pradhan and Ravallion, 2003;Weiner, 2010: 134; and for Theories 8 and 9, practitioner speculation asserted during personal interviews). A summary of the 10 theories is outlined in four categories below.…”

Section: Safety Regulation Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory review: Does fire safety regulation work? Lessons from Turin, Italy

Cobin

2013

Planning Theory

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The general theory of regulation and then 10 theories related to safety regulation are summarized, explaining why regulation is or is not beneficial, or why negative externalities like building fires might increase. As an example, evidence from regulation and planning to enhance fire safety in Turin, Italy, is included, which shows apparent regulatory failure due to public choice and knowledge problems. Regulators there apparently failed to meet their public interest objective: the "control of safety conditions to prevent fires" and to "minimize the causes of fire." Data perusal suggests that (a) the income effect, (b) public choice theories of bureaucracy and perverse incentives, (c) the "knowledge problem" theory, and (d) population density to a lesser degree best explain and predict the regulatory outcome. The results tend to favor government failure models, rather than theories that say (e) government provision works even if inefficiently or as a placebo, (f) that regulation is irrelevant, or (g) explanations that surmise that racial composition, (h) immigration of poor and ignorant people, (i) technical problems with electricity (wiring and materials), or (j) moral hazard cause more fires. Thus, planning theory should endeavor to better incorporate government failure theories into its models. These theories at times provide better explanatory and predictive power than traditional market failure models.

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“…For instance, it is possible that significant within-city variation exists with respect to public security perceptions (e.g., Parkes et al 2002;Pradhan and Ravallion 2003). Future research is thus required to decompose neighborhood effects on these perceptions within China's major urban centres.…”

Section: Limitations and Directions For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of Public Security in Post-reform Urban China: A Routine Activity Analysis

Nielsen

Smyth

2009

Asian Criminology

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This paper investigates the personal and environmental determinants of public security perceptions across 32 Chinese cities within the risk/opportunity framework of Cohen and Felson's (American Sociological Review 44:588-608, 1979) routine activity theory. Structural path analysis reveals that public security perceptions in China are informed by similar personal and environment characteristics to those reported as important in extant research within Western contexts. However, the frequently reported influence of gender on public security perceptions in the West does not appear to extend to post-reform urban China. The results provide support for the routine activity theory in terms of extending our understanding of the factors that influence perceptions of public security to a non-Western context.

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Who wants safer streets? Explaining concern for public safety in Brazil

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Voluntary Contribution to Public Goods: Preferences and Wealth

Voluntary Contribution to Public Goods: Preferences and Wealth

Theory review: Does fire safety regulation work? Lessons from Turin, Italy

Perceptions of Public Security in Post-reform Urban China: A Routine Activity Analysis

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