Whole-body β-oxidation of 18:2ω6 and 18:3ω3 in the pig varies markedly with weaning strategy and dietary 18:3ω3

Bazinet, Richard P.; McMillan, Ewen G.; Seebaransingh, Ravi; Hayes, Anthony; Cunnane, Stephen C.

doi:10.1194/jlr.m200153-jlr200

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…As well, we have shown that in segregated (low antigen exposure) pigs, this immunization model decreases the muscle content of 18:26 and 18:33 [19], in a similar fashion to pigs subjected to chronic antigen exposure (non-segregated) [17]. In the current study, we have used the segregated immunization model in combination with a high 18:33 diet [17,19] to test if 18:33 changes immune function and if these changes are related to changes in tissue fatty acid profiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Other potential mechanisms include changes in the classes of eicosanoids/docosanoids produced [15] regulation of gene expression, signal transduction pathways and cytokine production [16]. We have also shown that chronic antigen exposure increases the ␤-oxidation and decreases the carcass content of 18:26 and 18:33 and that consumption of a high 18:33 diet may spare 18:26 and 18:33 utilization during antigen exposure [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Dietary 18:3ω3 influences immune function and the tissue fatty acid response to antigens and adjuvant

Bazinet¹,

Douglas²,

McMillan³

et al. 2004

Immunology Letters

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Dietary 18:3ω3 influences immune function and the tissue fatty acid response to antigens and adjuvant

Bazinet¹,

Douglas²,

McMillan³

et al. 2004

Immunology Letters

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“…DHA is the subject matter of many recent studies. Most of the investigators are of the opinion that this is due to extensive oxidation of ALA once it is ingested [19][20][21]. The competition of LNA for delta-6 desaturase may reduce conversion of ALA to long chain n-3 PUFA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lower Efficacy in the Utilization of Dietary ALA as Compared to Preformed EPA + DHA on Long Chain n‐3 PUFA Levels in Rats

Talahalli

Baskaran

Sambaiah

et al. 2010

Lipids

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We made a comparative analysis of the uptake, tissue deposition and conversion of dietary alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) to its long chain metabolites eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) with preformed EPA + DHA. Diets containing linseed oil [with ALA at approximately 2.5 (4 g/kg diet), 5 (8 g/kg diet), 10 (16 g/kg diet), 25% (40 g/kg diet)] or fish oil [with EPA + DHA at approximately 1 (1.65 g/kg diet), 2.5 (4.12 g/kg diet), 5% (8.25 g/kg diet)] or groundnut oil without n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) were fed to rats for 60 days. ALA and EPA + DHA in serum, liver, heart and brain increased with increments in the dietary ALA level. When preformed EPA + DHA were fed, the tissue EPA + DHA increased significantly compared to those given ALA. Normalized values from dietary n-3 PUFA to tissue EPA + DHA indicated that 100 mg of dietary ALA lead to accumulation of EPA + DHA at 2.04, 0.70, 1.91 and 1.64% of total fatty acids respectively in liver, heart, brain and serum. Similarly 100 mg of preformed dietary EPA + DHA resulted in 25.4, 23.8, 15.9 and 14.9% of total fatty acids in liver, heart, brain and serum respectively. To maintain a given level of EPA + DHA, the dietary ALA required is 12.5, 33.5, 8.3 and 9.1 times higher than the dietary EPA + DHA for liver, heart, brain and serum respectively. Hence the efficacy of precursor ALA is lower compared to preformed EPA + DHA in elevating serum and tissue long chain n-3 PUFA levels.

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“…In the present study, we found that the serum concentrations of palmitelaidic acid, linoleic acid, hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid, 1-monopalmitin, glyceryl monostearate, and cholesterol were significantly depleted post-weaning. The changes in serum lipids and related metabolites may be the result of a lower ability to digest fat (Cera et al, 1990) and an increase in lipid β-oxidization for energy (Bazinet et al, 2003). The small intestinal alkaline phosphatase, crucial for fat absorption, has been shown to be reduced in early weaned pigs (Lackeyram et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to weaning and dietary l-glutamine supplementation: metabolomic analysis in piglets by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Xiao

Hong

et al. 2012

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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A novel metabolomic method based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was applied to determine the metabolites in the serum of piglets in response to weaning and dietary L-glutamine (Gln) supplementation. Thirty-six 21-d-old piglets were randomly assigned into three groups. One group continued to suckle from the sows (suckling group), whereas the other two groups were weaned and their diets were supplemented with 1% (w/w) Gln or isonitrogenous L-alanine, respectively, representing Gln group or control group. Serum samples were collected to characterize metabolites after a 7-d treatment. Results showed that twenty metabolites were down-regulated significantly (P<0.05) in control piglets compared with suckling ones. These data demonstrated that early weaning causes a wide range of metabolic changes across arginine and proline metabolism, aminosugar and nucleotide metabolism, galactose metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid, and fatty acid metabolism. Dietary Gln supplementation increased the levels of creatinine, D-xylose, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, palmitelaidic acid, and α-L-galactofuranose (P<0.05) in early weaned piglets, and were involved in the arginine and proline metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism. A leave-one-out cross-validation of random forest analysis indicated that creatinine was the most important metabolite among the three groups. Notably, the concentration of creatinine in control piglets was decreased (P=0.00001) compared to the suckling piglets, and increased (P=0.0003) in Gln-supplemented piglets. A correlation network for weaned and suckling piglets revealed that early weaning changed the metabolic pathways, leading to the abnormality of carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism, which could be partially improved by dietary Gln supplementation. These findings provide fresh insight into the complex metabolic changes in response to early weaning and dietary Gln supplementation in piglets.

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Whole-body β-oxidation of 18:2ω6 and 18:3ω3 in the pig varies markedly with weaning strategy and dietary 18:3ω3

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Dietary 18:3ω3 influences immune function and the tissue fatty acid response to antigens and adjuvant

Dietary 18:3ω3 influences immune function and the tissue fatty acid response to antigens and adjuvant

Lower Efficacy in the Utilization of Dietary ALA as Compared to Preformed EPA + DHA on Long Chain n‐3 PUFA Levels in Rats

Response to weaning and dietary l-glutamine supplementation: metabolomic analysis in piglets by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

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