Whole mitochondrial genome sequencing- a novel approach for studying Phylogenomics for Anas platyrynchos

Abstract

The evolution of duck and its distribution across the globe has been an interesting aspect. Domestication of duck and its evolution was also important to analyze if domesticated duck has migrated to other region of the globe or separate domestication process has occurred in particular region of the world. Mitochondrial genes as D-loop or cytochrome B had been used for studying evolution or molecular phylogeny. In current study, we aim to study phylogenomics for Anas platyrynchos across the globe. Whole mitochondrial genome sequencing for Bengal duck (indigenous duck from West Bengal, India) was performed on illumina platform and gene sequences were analyzed for all 37 mitochondrial genes. Variabilities were observed at nucleotide sequence, but absent in amino acid sequence and corresponding 3D structure of polypeptides coded by mitochondrial genes. We observed Anas platyrynchos from Eurasia (europe and Asia) were clustered together indicating common origin . Extensive variabilities were observed among the chinese duck population. The duck population from US was outgrouped. These ducks might have migrated from China and later bred with wild ducks to evolve as new breed or strain in US.

Mitochondrial genes affect the immune response against bacterial infection (Duck Pasteurellosis) through a cascade of mechanisms mediated by nuclear immune genes-a cross talk with nuclear and mitochondrial gene

“…Mitochondrial genes not only help through oxidative phosphorylation, but it also help in other series of metabolic processes, including calcium 13 and iron 14 metabolic pathways. We have already reported certain preliminary works 15 involving all the 37 mitochondrial genes in duck through next generation sequencing approach of Whole mitochondrial genome sequencing 16,17 . Apart from it, we had also studied duck genomics 18–20 .…”

Molecular evolution and characterization of domestic duck (Anas platyrynchos) and Goose (Anser indicus) with reference to its wild relatives through whole mitochondrial genome sequencing

“…Whole mitochondrial genome for Anas platyrynchos was mapped as circular DNA with 37 genes without any intronic region 14 . They comprise of 13 polypeptide genes, D loop and RNA genes.…”

“…They comprise of 13 polypeptide genes, D loop and RNA genes. It is interesting to note that some of the genes are negatively regulated 14 . One of the striking challenges of modern biology is to develop precise and dependable technologies for a speedy screening of DNA sequence dissimilarity.…”