Why biomanipulation can be effective in peaty lakes

Heerdt, Gerard ter; Hootsmans, M. J. M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6399-2_27

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…After fish release, P. parva increased the clarity of water and the Medium fish treatment resulted in the highest SD. The relatively low values of SD in the High fish treatment may have resulted from the high resuspension of detritus by fish (Heerdt and Hootsmans, 2007). Former studies found fish stocking increased TP in lakes (Havens, 1991;Lazzaro et al, 1992;Vanni et al, 1997), but no significant effect of P. parva on TP or TN was observed in the present study (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Effects of a small planktivore (Pseudorasbora parva: Cyprinidae) on eutrophication of a shallow eutrophic lake in central China

Chen

Lin

2010

Aquatic Ecosystem Health &Amp; Management

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An enclosure experiment was performed in Lake Yuehu, central China, to assess the effects of a gradient of Pseudorasbora parva biomass on eutrophication state parameters, from May 15 to June 14, 2004. Experimental enclosures were placed into the lake and four treatments were conducted: Control (no fish), low fish (16.5 g m– 3), medium fish (55 g m– 3), and high fish (110 g m– 3). The experimental fish were an average total length of 78 ± 7 mm (mean ± standard deviation) and an average weight of 5.5 ± 1.5 g (mean ± standard deviation). In general, fish increased Secchi disk transparency (SD) and reduced chlorophyll a and total phytoplankton cells, especially in the medium and high fish treatments. No significant effect of fish on total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) was observed. Relatively higher SD, and lower TN and TP were observed in the medium fish treatment as compared to other fish treatments. Effects of fish biomass on chlorophyll a and total phytoplankton cells were not significantly different between the medium and the high fish treatments. Based on the observed eutrophication parameters and fish mortality, the current experiments suggest that maintaining a 55 g m– 3 biomass of P. parva may be helpful for controlling eutrophic state in the studied lake. Further studies are needed to extrapolate the current results to the whole-lake management decisions.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Effects of a small planktivore (Pseudorasbora parva: Cyprinidae) on eutrophication of a shallow eutrophic lake in central China

Chen

Lin

2010

Aquatic Ecosystem Health &Amp; Management

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“…mainly enough light, nutrients and shelter), macrophytes can return to a restored shallow water body in the short-term, varying from a few weeks to a few years (Casanova & Brock, 1990;Portielje & Roijackers, 1995;Brouwer et al, 2002;Ter Heerdt & Hootsmans, 2007), although numerous exceptions have been reported (Lamers et al, 2002;Jeppesen et al, 2005a, b;Geurts et al, 2008;Sarneel et al, 2011). Table 1 lists examples of restoration projects where nutrient loading has been reduced or sediment disturbing and zooplanktivorous fish has been removed and the effect on the restoration of the macrophyte community composition.…”

Section: Where Do the Returning Macrophytes Come From?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring macrophyte diversity in shallow temperate lakes: biotic versus abiotic constraints

et al. 2012

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Although many lake restoration projects have led to decreased nutrient loads and increased water transparency, the establishment or expansion of macrophytes does not immediately follow the improved abiotic conditions and it is often unclear whether vegetation with high macrophyte diversity will return. We provide an overview of the potential bottlenecks for restoration of submerged macrophyte vegetation with a high biodiversity and focus on the biotic factors, including the availability of propagules, herbivory, plant competition and the role of remnant populations. We found that the potential for restoration in many lakes is large when clear water conditions are met, even though the macrophyte community composition of the early 1900s, the start of humaninduced large-scale eutrophication in Northwestern Europe, could not be restored. However, emerging charophytes and species rich vegetation are often lost due to competition with eutrophic species. Disturbances such as herbivory can limit dominance by eutrophic species and improve macrophyte diversity. We conclude that it is imperative to study the role of propagule availability more closely as well as the biotic interactions including herbivory and plant competition. After abiotic conditions are met, these will further determine macrophyte diversity and define what exactly can be restored and what not.

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“…7; for details see Ter Heerdt & Hootsmans, 2007). Submerged macrophytes quickly developed in the shallow parts (<1.4 m) of the lake.…”

Section: Effects Of Bird Herbivorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential for the development of submerged macrophytes in eutrophicated shallow peaty lakes after restoration measures

Haterd

Heerdt²

2007

Hydrobiologia

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Biomanipulation of eutropicated peaty lakes has rarely been successful; clear water with dense macrophyte stands fails to develop in most cases. It was unclear whether (1) high turbidity due to resuspension by benthivorous fish or wind is the major cause of low macrophyte density or whether (2) the establishment of submerged macrophyte stands is prevented by a lack of propagules, low cohesive strength of the lake sediment, high concentrations of phytotoxics, grazing by waterfowl and/or shading by periphyton growth. These hypotheses were tested in an experiment in a shallow peat lake in the Netherlands (Terra Nova). Removal of fish from a 0.5 ha experimental site resulted in clear water and the development of a dense (90% coverage) and species-rich (10 species) submerged vegetation. At a fish-stocked site and a control site the water remained turbid and dense macrophyte stands did not develop. The establishment of submerged macrophytes appeared not to be limited by a lack of propagules. Introduced plants grew poorly in turbid water, but very well in clear water. Exclosures showed that bird grazing reduced the plant biomass. In clear water grazing seemed to enhance the vegetation diversity. Periphyton development did not prevent plant growth in clear water. After the experiment, the fish stock was greatly reduced in the whole lake (85 ha), to test if (3) in a large lake, submerged macrophyte stands will not develop after biomanipulation. In the first season after fish reduction, transparency increased and species-rich submerged macrophyte stands developed, covering 60% of the shallow parts of the lake. Most of the species known to have occurred in the past re-established. The results indicate that high turbidity caused by benthivorous fish in combination with bird grazing were the major causes of the absence of submerged macrophyte stands in this lake. Abiotic conditions after the clearing of the lake were suitable for the growth of macrophytes. We infer that the restoration potential of submerged macrophyte stands in eutrophicated peaty lakes can be high, and results can be obtained quickly.

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Why biomanipulation can be effective in peaty lakes

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of a small planktivore (Pseudorasbora parva: Cyprinidae) on eutrophication of a shallow eutrophic lake in central China

Effects of a small planktivore (Pseudorasbora parva: Cyprinidae) on eutrophication of a shallow eutrophic lake in central China

Restoring macrophyte diversity in shallow temperate lakes: biotic versus abiotic constraints

Potential for the development of submerged macrophytes in eutrophicated shallow peaty lakes after restoration measures

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