Why coastal regulations fail

Neal, William J.; Pilkey, Orrin H.; Cooper, J. Andrew G.; Longo, Norma J.

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2017.05.003

Cited by 44 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Aretano et al, 2017;López-Rodríguez and Rosado, 2017) or by assessing coastal regulation plans (e.g. Neal et al, 2018). The evaluation of the effectiveness of specific DRR measures by analysing the consequences of their implementation is, however, still limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness assessment of risk reduction measures at coastal areas using a decision support system: Findings from Emma storm

Ferreira

Plomaritis

Costas

2019

Science of The Total Environment

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Storms impact coastal areas often causing damages and losses at occupied areas. On a scenario of increasing human occupation at coastal zones and under climate change conditions (including sea level rise and increasing frequency of extreme sea levels), the consequences of storms are expected to be amplified if no adaptation or further management actions are implemented. The selection of the best possible coastal management measures, considering both costs and effectiveness, will be mandatory in the future, in order to optimise resources. This work analyses the performance of risk reduction measures (beach nourishment and receptors -house and infrastructures -removal), using a decision support system comprised by a morphodynamic numerical model (XBeach) and a Bayesian network based on the source-pathway-receptor concept. The effectiveness of the risk reduction measures is then assessed by a simple index expressing the consequences to the receptors. The approach was tested at Faro Beach by evaluating its performance for a particular storm, Emma (Feb/March 2018), which fiercely impacted the southern coast of Portugal. The output results from the modelling were compared to field observations of the actual damages caused by the storm. The combined use of both measures or the solely use of the nourishment would avoid almost all observed impacts from this storm. The work is pioneer on demonstrating the use of a decision support system 2 for coastal regions validated against observed impacts for a high-energy storm event. The methodology and the proposed index are adaptable to any sandy coastal region and can be used to test (and improve) management options at a broad number of coastal areas worldwide, minimising implementation costs and reducing the risk to the occupation and to the people.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness assessment of risk reduction measures at coastal areas using a decision support system: Findings from Emma storm

Ferreira

Plomaritis

Costas

2019

Science of The Total Environment

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“…This misalignment of risk, reward, and responsibility between federal and local governments can suppress local interest in pursuing adaptation and remains an enduring challenge (Burby, 2006;US National Research Council, 2014). In the U.S., some efforts have been made to discourage development on coastal lands (e.g., the Coastal Barrier Resources Act and the Coastal Zone Management Act), but new construction continues in these areas (Climate Central & Zillow, 2018;Crossett et al, 2013;Lazarus et al, 2018), in part due to enforcement failures by local administrators and a lack of strong federal oversight (Neal et al, 2018).…”

Section: Political Incentives Can Hinder Coastal Risk Reduction Effortsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Political Complexity of Coastal Flood Risk Reduction: Lessons for Climate Adaptation Public Works in the U.S.

et al. 2021

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Coastal climate adaptation public works, such as storm surge barriers and levees, are central elements of several current proposals to limit damages from coastal storms and sea‐level rise in the United States. Academic analysis of these public works projects is dominated by technocratic and engineering‐driven frameworks. However, social conflict, laws, political incentives, governance structures, and other political factors have played pivotal roles in determining the fate of government‐led coastal flood risk reduction efforts. Here, we review the ways in which politics has enabled or hindered the conception, design, and implementation of coastal risk reduction projects in the U.S. We draw from the literature in natural hazards, infrastructure, political science, and climate adaptation and give supporting examples. Overall, we find that (1) multiple floods are often needed to elicit earnest planning; (2) strong and continuous leadership from elected officials is necessary to advance projects; (3) stakeholder participation during the design stage has improved outcomes; (4) legal challenges to procedural and substantive shortcomings under environmental protection statutes present an enduring obstacle to implementing megastructure proposals.

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“…This disconnect, along with subsidies that spread risk and disincentivize action, makes managing retreat at scale difficult. 59 Local governments determine land use and zoning and largely control where development occurs, but because many local governments rely on property taxes for revenue, they have little financial incentive to pursue retreat (in fact, retreat may be economically damaging for them 60 ). Property developers make short-term financial gains from developing on the coast and do not pay the long-term consequences.…”

Section: Adaptation Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managed Retreat in the United States

Siders

2019

One Earth

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Why coastal regulations fail

Cited by 44 publications

References 8 publications

Effectiveness assessment of risk reduction measures at coastal areas using a decision support system: Findings from Emma storm

Effectiveness assessment of risk reduction measures at coastal areas using a decision support system: Findings from Emma storm

The Political Complexity of Coastal Flood Risk Reduction: Lessons for Climate Adaptation Public Works in the U.S.

Managed Retreat in the United States

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