Why Do Mice Overeat High‐Fat Diets? How High‐Fat Diet Alters the Regulation of Daily Caloric Intake in Mice

Licholai, Julia A.; Nguyen, Katrina P.; Fobbs, Wambura C.; Schuster, Corbin J; Ali, Mohamed A.; Kravitz, Alexxai V.

doi:10.1002/oby.22195

Cited by 65 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In rodents, ad libitum access to HFD increases the daily caloric intake, and leads to weight gain [68]. While an HFD is capable of invoking mechanisms that limit total daily caloric intake, C57BL/6 mice over-consume an HFD when provided ad libitum [13]. We found that male Tac:SW mice developed obesity on the HFD; however, unlike male C57BL/6 mice, CV male Tac:SW mice reduced their feed intake on an HFD, suggesting a strain difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These diets are rich in simple digestible sugars, saturated lipids, or both, and possess a high fractional feed conversion. Moreover, when fed these diets, mice do not sufficiently decrease feed consumption to maintain their caloric energy balance [13]. In mice, abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, and other indicators of MetS develop with DIO [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Germ-Free Swiss Webster Mice on a High-Fat Diet Develop Obesity, Hyperglycemia, and Dyslipidemia

et al. 2020

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A calorie-dense diet is a well-established risk factor for obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS), whereas the role of the intestinal microbiota (IMB) in the development of diet-induced obesity (DIO) is not completely understood. To test the hypothesis that Swiss Webster (Tac:SW) mice can develop characteristics of DIO and MetS in the absence of the IMB, we fed conventional (CV) and germ-free (GF) male Tac:SW mice either a low-fat diet (LFD; 10% fat derived calories) or a high-fat diet (HFD; 60% fat derived calories) for 10 weeks. The HFD increased feed conversion and body weight in GF mice independent of the increase associated with the microbiota in CV mice. In contrast to CV mice, GF mice did not decrease feed intake on the HFD and possessed heavier fat pads. The HFD caused hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and impaired glucose absorption in GF mice independent of the increase associated with the microbiota in CV mice. A HFD also elevated plasma LDL-cholesterol and increased hepatic triacylglycerol, free fatty acids, and ceramides in all mice, whereas hypertriglyceridemia and increased hepatic medium and long-chain acylcarnitines were only observed in CV mice. Therefore, GF male Tac:SW mice developed several detrimental effects of obesity and MetS from a high-fat, calorie dense diet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germ-Free Swiss Webster Mice on a High-Fat Diet Develop Obesity, Hyperglycemia, and Dyslipidemia

et al. 2020

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“…In general, HFD feeding in rodents is associated with an increase in food consumption and obesity (Lutz and Woods 2012). Unit now, the mechanism for hyperphagia (over-eating) and subsequent weight gain in HFD-fed animal models and humans remains a matter of debate (Licholai et al 2018). However, currently available data suggest that such effect is due to multiple mechanisms including homeostatic (endocrine and neural), hedonic (palatability), and cognitive feedback (Hall et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, currently available data suggest that such effect is due to multiple mechanisms including homeostatic (endocrine and neural), hedonic (palatability), and cognitive feedback (Hall et al 2014). Upto-date, it is well-accepted that dysregulation of the endocrine-hippocampus axis (such as leptin resistance), as well as dysregulation of many brain receptors such as melanocortin 4 receptors (MC4R), is the major mechanisms by which HFD-stimulates over-feeding and obesity (Farooqi and Leptin 2009;Friedman, 2009Licholai et al 2018. Besides, HFD is associated with altered liver lipid metabolism due to dysregulation of numerous fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis and fatty acid oxidation pathways, which ultimately leads to over-synthesis of TGs, TC, and LDL, hyperlipidemia, mitochondria, damage, oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, fatty liver, and hepatic damage and cirrhosis (Wilkes et al 1998;Kakimoto and Kowaltowski 2016;Jin et al 2017;Khaleel et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antihyperlipidemic and hepatic antioxidant effects of Leek leaf methanol extract in high fat diet-fed rats

et al. 2020

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Hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress are major risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. This study was designed to investigate the hypolipidemic and hepatic antioxidant potentials of the methanol Leek extract (LE) in a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rat model. Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups (n = 6/groups) as 1) control fed standard diet, 2) HFD, 3) HFD + (Atorvastatin) (20 mg/kg), and HFD + LE (100, 200, or 300 mg/kg). All treatments were administered by gavage and conducted for 6 weeks, daily. At all tested, but in a dose-independent manner, LE significantly reduced final body weights and food intake and suppressed serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Besides, in inhibited serum and hepatic levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) but increased serum and hepatic levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Concomitantly, LE, at all tested doses increased the activity of superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), increased the levels of catalase (CAT) and decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the livers of HFD-fed rats. In conclusion, LE exerts potent hypolipidemic and hepatic antioxidant potentials in HFD-fed rats which highlight its beneficial effects in various metabolic-related disorders.

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“…The authors investigated the weight gain was associated with increases energy intake. The authors also found that different fat source does no significant effect on caloric intake, but mice over-ate on diet with higher total fat (Licholai et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of High Fat Diet on Weight Loss Through the Expression of Uncouple Protein 1 in Mice Visceral Fat

Syahraya¹,

Novida²,

Herawati³

et al. 2020

FMI

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Obesity has become an epidemic around the world. High fat diet (HFD) have been implemented as one of intervention to battle obesity. Uncouple protein 1 (UCP1) is one of the key factor on energy expenditure. The aim of this experiment is to see the macronutrients composition on weight loss and UCP1 expression in the visceral fat. Fifty male mice, 2-3 months old, 18-30 grams, were put in five different groups. K1 (20% protein, 62.0% carbohydrate, 12% fat), K2 (60% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 30% fat), K3 (45% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 45% fat), K4 (30% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 60% fat), K5 (15% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 75% fat). The experiment was done in four weeks, mice body weight was measured every week. UCP1 expression seen using immunohistochemistry staining was measured at the end of the fourth week. Significant weight loss was achieved by K4 (-9.60±3.81) gram by the end of week four (p<0.05). K4 had the least amount of visceral fat. The result was that K4 achieved a significant visceral fat mass (0.02±0.06) gram compared to K1 (0.53±0.08) gram. Compared to other groups K5 expressed UCP1 more than the others (3.78±3.72) cphfp. HFD fed groups produced significant weight loss, group that had the greatest weight loss is K4. Meanwhile, each group had a variety of UCP1 expression.

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Why Do Mice Overeat High‐Fat Diets? How High‐Fat Diet Alters the Regulation of Daily Caloric Intake in Mice

Cited by 65 publications

References 44 publications

Germ-Free Swiss Webster Mice on a High-Fat Diet Develop Obesity, Hyperglycemia, and Dyslipidemia

Germ-Free Swiss Webster Mice on a High-Fat Diet Develop Obesity, Hyperglycemia, and Dyslipidemia

Antihyperlipidemic and hepatic antioxidant effects of Leek leaf methanol extract in high fat diet-fed rats

Effect of High Fat Diet on Weight Loss Through the Expression of Uncouple Protein 1 in Mice Visceral Fat

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