Why is there an ERN/Ne on correct trials? Response representations, stimulus-related components, and the theory of error-processing

Coles, Michael; Scheffers, Marten K.; Holroyd, Clay B.

doi:10.1016/s0301-0511(01)00076-x

Cited by 426 publications

(388 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…How can detection of errors be disrupted? As pointed out by Coles et al (2001), either the representation of the correct response or the representation of the actually performed response may be disturbed. The representation of the correct response arises from an ongoing evaluation of the stimuli and application of the rules from the currently relevant task set.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of focal cortical lesions with error processing: Evidence from event-related brain potentials.

2002

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Electrophysiological and hemodynamic studies have suggested that structures in the vicinity of the anterior cingulate cortex are involved in performance monitoring, particularly in detection of errors. Bidirectional interactions between the frontomedian system involved in performance monitoring and the lateral prefrontal cortex as well as the orbitofrontal cortex have been proposed, but few studies have directly addressed this issue. The authors used a speeded flankers task to investigate error-related event-related potentials in 3 patient groups with different focal cortical lesions. Whereas bilateral frontopolar lesions involving the orbitofrontal cortex as well as temporal lesions did not alter the error-related negativity (ERN), lesions of the lateral frontal cortex resulted in an abolition of the ERN and in a reduction of the error positivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of focal cortical lesions with error processing: Evidence from event-related brain potentials.

2002

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“…Average ERP waveforms for correct trials were matched to error trial waveforms on response time and number of trials to protect against differential artifacts of the stimulus-related activity overlapping with the response-locked ERP activity [14]. ERN was quantified as the maximum negative deflection between 0-200 ms post-response [25,56] in each of these two average waveforms (error and matched-correct).…”

Section: Event-related Potentials (Erps)-electroencephalographicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-efficacy effects on neuroelectric and behavioral indices of action monitoring in older adults

Themanson

Hillman

McAuley

et al. 2008

Neurobiology of Aging

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The relationships between self-efficacy (SE), i.e., beliefs in personal capabilities, and behavioral and neuroelectric (i.e., ERN, Pe) indices of action monitoring were investigated in 40 older adults (13 male) during the completion of a flanker paradigm performed under task conditions emphasizing either accuracy or speed. SE relative to task performance during both conditions was assessed prior to each cognitive task. Results indicated that high-SE older adults exhibited larger ERN and Pe amplitudes compared to low-SE older adults under the accuracy instruction condition. Additionally, a moderating effect of SE on the relationship between ERN and post-error response accuracy was revealed in the accuracy condition, with greater ERN amplitude associated with greater post-error accuracy in the high-SE group. No significant relationships were evident between ERN and posterror accuracy in the low-SE group. Further, no significant relationships involving SE were observed in the speed condition. The findings suggest that SE may be related to neuroelectric and behavioral indices of action monitoring in older adults when task demands require greater attention to action monitoring processes.

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“…Other researchers have cautioned that stimulus-locked potentials may contaminate responselocked waveforms (Coles et al, 2001;Hajcak, Vidal, & Simons, 2004), so we examined stimulus-locked waveforms for effects related to STAI and emotional expression variables. There was no evidence in the stimulus-locked waveforms of differential responses to happy, angry, and neutral expressions as a function of state anxiety.…”

Section: Stimulus-locked Potentialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While some argue that the ERN reflects a specific process of error-detection (Coles, Scheffers, & Holroyd, 2001), others posit that it taps a more general process of performance-checking (e.g., Vidal, Hasbroucq, Grapperon, & Bonnet, 2000) or detection of conflict (Gehring & Fencsik, 2001;Yeung, Botvinick, & Cohen, 2004). Alternatively, some researchers propose that the ERN may index emotional distress elicited by mistakes (e.g., Bush et al, 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Anxiety and error monitoring: Increased error sensitivity or altered expectations?

Compton

Carp

Chaddock

et al. 2007

Brain and Cognition

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This study tested the prediction that the error-related negativity (ERN), a physiological measure of error monitoring, would be enhanced in anxious individuals, particularly in conditions with threatening cues. Participants made gender judgments about faces whose expressions were either happy, angry, or neutral. Replicating prior studies, midline scalp negativities were greater following errors than following correct responses. In addition, state anxiety interacted with facial expression to predict ERN amplitudes. Counter to predictions, participants high in state anxiety displayed smaller ERNs for angry-face blocks and larger ERNs for happy-face blocks, compared to less anxious participants. These results are inconsistent with the simple notion that anxiety enhances errorsensitivity globally. Rather, we interpret the findings within an expectancy violation framework, in which anxious participants have altered expectations for success and failure in the context of happy and angry facial cues, with greater ERN amplitudes when expectations are violated.

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Why is there an ERN/Ne on correct trials? Response representations, stimulus-related components, and the theory of error-processing

Cited by 426 publications

References 19 publications

Interactions of focal cortical lesions with error processing: Evidence from event-related brain potentials.

Interactions of focal cortical lesions with error processing: Evidence from event-related brain potentials.

Self-efficacy effects on neuroelectric and behavioral indices of action monitoring in older adults

Anxiety and error monitoring: Increased error sensitivity or altered expectations?

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