Why marmosets?

Miller, Cory T.

doi:10.1002/dneu.22483

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Although marmosets have recently garnered significant interest as a neuroscientific model (Mitchell et al, 2014; Miller, 2017; Miller et al, 2016), this species has a long history as an important model in the auditory system (Bendor & Wang, 2005; Bendor & Wang, 2008; Sadagopan & Wang, 2009; Zhou & Wang, 2012). By using high-resolution (7T) fMRI to identify distinct auditory cortical fields in awake marmosets, we show that this technique can complement existing neurophysiological experiments to expand our understanding of the primate auditory system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly to recent fMRI experiments in marmoset vision (Hung et al, 2015a; Hung et al, 2015b) and somatosensory cortex (Yen et al, 2017), this preparation is amenable to techniques involving conditioned behavior and can, therefore, be extended to investigate relative contributions of multiple auditory cortical fields during behaviorally-dependent facets of audition (Remington et al, 2012; Song et al, 2016). Given the significance of marmosets as a neurobiological model of communication (Toarmino et al, 2017; Eliades & Wang, 2008; Miller et al, 2015; Eliades & Miller 2016; Miller, 2017; Nummela et al 2017), our approach could be implemented to identify areas of the auditory cortical system involved in vocalization processing (e.g., Sadagopan et al, 2015; Perrodin et al, 2011). Together, these approaches can shed light on auditory function in ways not previously possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers a complementary technique that can be used to facilitate neurophysiological research by rapidly characterizing multiple areas of the brain simultaneously and identifying patterns of responses that might not be readily identifiable with single-unit recordings ( e.g ., Tsao et al, 2006), including the auditory system ( e.g ., Perrodin et al, 2011). While this approach has been successfully employed in the rhesus monkey (Joly et al, 2012; Ortiz-Rios, 2015; Ortiz-Rios, 2017; Perrodin et al, 2011), its application to marmosets, a rapidly emerging model system in neuroscience (Miller et al, 2015; Miller et al 2016; Miller 2017; Bendor & Wang, 2008; Eliades & Miller, 2016), is likely to yield similarly important insights ( e.g ., Hung et al, 2015). Because of the small size of the marmoset brain and acoustic interference prevalent in fMRI environments, however, it remains unclear whether distinct fields of the species auditory cortex could be distinguished with this method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional magnetic resonance imaging of auditory cortical fields in awake marmosets

et al. 2017

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The primate auditory cortex is organized into a network of anatomically and functionally distinct processing fields. Because of its tonotopic properties, the auditory core has been the main target of neurophysiological studies ranging from sensory encoding to perceptual decision-making. By comparison, the auditory belt has been less extensively studied, in part due to the fact that neurons in the belt areas prefer more complex stimuli and integrate over a wider frequency range than neurons in the core, which prefer pure tones of a single frequency. Complementary approaches, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), allow the anatomical identification of both the auditory core and belt and facilitate their functional characterization by rapidly testing a range of stimuli across multiple brain areas simultaneously that can be used to guide subsequent neural recordings. Bridging these technologies in primates will serve to further expand our understanding of primate audition. Here, we developed a novel preparation to test whether different areas of the auditory cortex could be identified using fMRI in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), a powerful model of the primate auditory system. We used two types of stimulation, band pass noise and pure tones, to parse apart the auditory core from surrounding secondary belt fields. In contrast to most auditory fMRI experiments in primates, we employed a continuous sampling paradigm to rapidly collect data with little deleterious effects. Here we found robust bilateral auditory cortex activation in two marmosets and unilateral activation in a third utilizing this preparation. Furthermore, we confirmed results previously reported in electrophysiology experiments, such as the tonotopic organization of the auditory core and regions activating preferentially to complex over simple stimuli. Overall, these data establish a key preparation for future research to investigate various functional properties of marmoset auditory cortex.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional magnetic resonance imaging of auditory cortical fields in awake marmosets

et al. 2017

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“…The common marmoset ( Callithrix jacchus ) is a small-bodied New World monkey (300–500 g) which is emerging as an important model for human aging. As with other primates, it shares many aspects of brain organization and cognitive and social processes with humans 1 , but has the unique advantage of a relatively short life expectancy (approximate mean of 10 years), making it ideally suited for longitudinal studies 2 . Sensory and neurodegenerative changes in marmosets appear between 7–10 years of age 2 , with response strategy deficits in cognition apparent at 4 years and inhibitory control deficits at appearing at 7–8 years 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robustness of sex-differences in functional connectivity over time in middle-aged marmosets

Nephew

Febo

Cali

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are an essential research model for gaining a comprehensive understanding of the neural mechanisms of neurocognitive aging in our own species. In the present study, we used resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) to investigate the relationship between prefrontal cortical and striatal neural interactions, and cognitive flexibility, in unanaesthetized common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) at two time points during late middle age (8 months apart, similar to a span of 5–6 years in humans). Based on our previous findings, we also determine the reproducibility of connectivity measures over the course of 8 months, particularly previously observed sex differences in rsFC. Male marmosets exhibited remarkably similar patterns of stronger functional connectivity relative to females and greater cognitive flexibility between the two imaging time points. Network analysis revealed that the consistent sex differences in connectivity and related cognitive associations were characterized by greater node strength and/or degree values in several prefrontal, premotor and temporal regions, as well as stronger intra PFC connectivity, in males compared to females. The current study supports the existence of robust sex differences in prefrontal and striatal resting state networks that may contribute to differences in cognitive function and offers insight on the neural systems that may be compromised in cognitive aging and age-related conditions such as mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease.

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“…Marmosets ( Callithrix jacchus ) are maintained in laboratory facilities to study topics such as neuroscience, reproduction, aging, and infectious disease (Fox, Marini, Wachtman, Tardif, & Mansfield, 2019; Miller, 2017). Recommended macro‐ and micronutrient requirements are available, but there is marked variety in both what types of food (primary diets and supplemental food items) are fed to marmosets and how those food items are presented (National Research Council (U.S.)‐Committee on Animal Nutrition & National Research Council (U.S.)‐Panel on Nonhuman Primate Nutrition, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of vitamin D₃ metabolites in Callithrix jacchus (common marmoset)

Goodroe

Fitz²,

Power

et al. 2020

American J Primatol

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Vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol) is endogenously produced in the skin of primates when exposed to the appropriate wavelengths of ultraviolet light (UV-B). Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) maintained indoors require dietary provision of vitamin D 3 due to lack of sunlight exposure. The minimum dietary vitamin D 3 requirement and the maximum amount of vitamin D 3 that can be metabolized by marmosets is unknown. Observations of metabolic bone disease and gastrointestinal malabsorption have led to wide variation in dietary vitamin D 3 provision amongst research institutions, with resulting variation in circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 (25(OH)D 3 ), the accepted marker for vitamin D sufficiency/deficiency. Multiple studies have reported serum 25(OH)D 3 in captive marmosets, but 25(OH)D 3 is not the final product of vitamin D 3 metabolism. In addition to serum 25(OH)D 3, we measured the most physiologically active metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ), and the less well understood metabolite, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (24,25(OH) 2 D 3 ) to characterize the marmoset's ability to metabolize dietary vitamin D 3 . We present vitamin D 3 metabolite and related serum chemistry value colony reference ranges in marmosets provided diets with 26,367 (Colony A, N = 113) or 8,888 (Colony B, N = 52) international units (IU) of dietary vitamin D 3 per kilogram of dry matter. Colony A marmosets had higher serum 25(OH)D 3 (426 ng/ml [SD 200] vs. 215 ng/ml [SD 113]) and 24,25(OH) 2 D 3 (53 ng/ml [SD 35] vs. 7 ng/ml [SD 5]). There was no difference in serum 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 between the colonies. Serum 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 increased and 25(OH)D 3 decreased with age, but the effect was weak. Marmosets tightly regulate metabolism of dietary vitamin D 3 into the active metabolite 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ; excess 25(OH)D 3 is metabolized into 24,25(OH) 2 D 3 . This ability explains the tolerance of high levels of dietary vitamin D 3 by marmosets, however, ourdata suggest that these high dietary levels are not required.

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Why marmosets?

Cited by 32 publications

References 102 publications

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of auditory cortical fields in awake marmosets

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of auditory cortical fields in awake marmosets

Robustness of sex-differences in functional connectivity over time in middle-aged marmosets

Evaluation of vitamin D₃ metabolites in Callithrix jacchus (common marmoset)

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Why marmosets?

Cited by 32 publications

References 102 publications

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of auditory cortical fields in awake marmosets

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of auditory cortical fields in awake marmosets

Robustness of sex-differences in functional connectivity over time in middle-aged marmosets

Evaluation of vitamin D3 metabolites in Callithrix jacchus (common marmoset)

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Evaluation of vitamin D₃ metabolites in Callithrix jacchus (common marmoset)