Widespread, episodic decline of alder (<i>Alnus</i>) during the medieval period in the boreal forest of Europe

Stivriņš, Normunds; Buchan, Michelle Salkeld; Disbrey, Helena R.; Kuosmanen, Niina; Latałowa, Małgorzata; Lempinen, Janne; Muukkonen, Petteri; Słowiński, Michael; Veski, Siim; Seppä, Heikki

doi:10.1002/jqs.2984

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…2b, 4). These ecological processes agree well with the data on climatic changes around the 9th-10th centuries from the Medieval Climate Anomaly, including longlasting droughts (Helama et al 2009;Büntgen et al 2011) and a widespread Alnus decline most probably caused by a sequence of climatic events detrimental to alder followed by a pathogen attack (Stivrins et al 2017;Latałowa et al 2019).…”

Section: Natural Conditions Before the Development Of The Townsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Environmental changes and plant use during the 5th-14th centuries in medieval Gdańsk, northern Poland

Święta-Musznicka

Badura

Pędziszewska

et al. 2020

Veget Hist Archaeobot

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This paper reviews the results of the many years of investigations on the ecological aspects of settlement development in the oldest districts of the city of Gdańsk, the impacts of the changing climate and growing human pressure on the local environment, as well as the question of plant use by the inhabitants during the Middle Ages. Before the settlement was established, the landscape was dominated by alder woods and shallow water bodies of the extensive wetlands in the Wisła estuary. An important factor making settlement possible was probably the lowering of the water table around the 9th-10th centuries ad, causing a reduction of wetland. Archaeobotanical results are consistent with archaeological data on the periods at which particular town districts were settled. They provide evidence of the earliest changes to the natural environment, starting in the Stare Miasto ("Old Town") in the 11th-12th centuries, in the Główne Miasto ("Main Town") in the 12th-13th centuries, and on Wyspa Spichrzów ("Granary Island") during the 13th-14th centuries. The gradual expansion of the town caused a diversification of the local flora. Natural wetland communities and semi-natural wet meadows and pastures were still common within the settled area until the 14th century. On the other hand, the rapid spread of built-up areas, roads and gardens allowed the growth of ruderal vegetation there. Archaeobotanical and historical evidence shows the diverse and changing plant foods in the diet of the inhabitants during the Middle Ages.

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Section: Natural Conditions Before the Development Of The Townsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In the studied profiles, the aquatic indicators are replaced by taxa typical of mires (Figs. 2b,3,4). This change left a distinct signature in several profiles in a form of hiatuses occurring at the transition between limnic sediments and peat (Święta-Musznicka and Latałowa 2016).…”

Section: Natural Conditions Before the Development Of The Townmentioning

confidence: 97%

Environmental changes and plant use during the 5th-14th centuries in medieval Gdańsk, northern Poland

Święta-Musznicka

Badura

Pędziszewska

et al. 2020

Veget Hist Archaeobot

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“…Huttunen (1980) notes that the Evo region, where Naava and Kämmekkä hollows are located, comprises only 1-2% arable land and slash and burn cultivation with the clearing of forest for agricultural purposes was carried out rarely, whereas around 20 km towards the south at Lammi, the land becomes more fertile and as such more suitable for cultivation. In line with this, Stivrins et al (2017) showed that the first crop pollen indicating agricultural practices appeared only 400 years ago at Naava and Kämmekkä hollow, while in other areas of Finland, an intensification of slash and burn activity can be seen in the charcoal records after 1000 cal yr BP due to the expansion of cultivation and establishment of more permanent settlements (Alenius et al, 2013;Lagerås, 1996;Taavitsainen et al, 1998).…”

Section: Fire-events In the Northern European Boreal Forestmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In addition, we used a biostratigraphic correlation to define the lowermost age of Kämmekkä hollow, based on Naava hollow and Picea expansion in southern Finland (Table 1; Supplementary material 1; Seppä et al, 2009a;Stivrins et al, 2017).…”

Section: Sediment Dating and Age-depth Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating fire-scar, charcoal and fungal spore data to study fire events in the boreal forest of northern Europe

et al. 2019

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Fire is a major disturbance agent in the boreal forest, influencing many current and future ecosystem conditions and services. Surprisingly few studies have attempted to improve the accuracy of fire-event reconstructions even though the estimates of the occurrence of past fires may be biased, influencing the reliability of the models employing those data (e.g. C stock, cycle). This study aimed to demonstrate how three types of fire proxies – fire scars from tree rings, sedimentary charcoal and, for the first time in this context, fungal spores of Neurospora – can be integrated to achieve a better understanding of past fire dynamics. By studying charcoal and Neurospora from sediment cores from forest hollows, and the fire scars from tree rings in their surroundings in the southern Fennoscandian and western Russian boreal forest, we produced composite fire-event data sets and fire-event frequencies, and estimated fire return intervals. Our estimates show that the fire return interval varied between 126 and 237 years during the last 11,000 years. The highest fire frequency during the 18th–19th century can be associated with the anthropogenic influence. Importantly, statistical tests revealed a positive relationship between other fire event indicators and Neurospora occurrence allowing us to pinpoint past fire events at times when the sedimentary charcoal was absent, but Neurospora were abundant. We demonstrated how fire proxies with different temporal resolution can be linked, providing potential improvements in the reliability of fire history reconstructions from multiple proxies.

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“…novērojams alkšņu daudzuma pieaugums -notiek atkopšanās process. Svarīgi atzīmēt, ka identiska tendence vērojama arī alkšņu biomasas izmaiņās Somijā un Polijā (Stivrins et al, 2017;Latałowa et al, manuscript). Ņemot vērā nogulumu datēšanas kļūdas var pieņemt, ka konkrētā alkšņu samazinājuma epizode notikusi vienlaicīgi plašā teritorijā no boreālās līdz pat nemorālās zonas mežiem.…”

Section: Rīgas ūDenskrātuves Fitoplanktons Ivars Druvietisunclassified

Ģeogrāfija, ģeoloģija, vides zinātne : Latvijas Universitātes 76. zinātniskā konference : referātu tēzes

Arāja

Čulkstena

2018

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LUMBI pētījumi par atjaunojamo resursu mirkobioloģisku pārstrādi rūpniecībā un vides biotehnoloģijās Rūta Ozola, Māris Kļaviņš, Juris Burlakovs, Andris Zicmanis. Mālu modifikācijas risinājumi jaunu izmantošanas iespēju attīstībai Olga Ritenberga. Putekšņu pētījumi un sabiedrības veselība klimata mainības ietekmē ĢEOGRĀFIJA Ģeogrāfijas izglītība Gunta Kalvāne. Izglītība ilgtspējīgai attīstībai: projekts "60 elementi Tavā kabatā" Cilvēka ģeogrāfija Elīna Apsīte -Beriņa. Izaicinājumi un iespējas jauniešu mobilitātes pētījumiem Antons Berjoza. Reģionalizācijas pazīmes Latvijas lauksaimniecības un mežsaimiecības preču starptautiskajā tirdzniecībā Māris Bērziņš, Zaiga Krišjāne, Guido Sechi. Socio-demographic challenges for large housing estates in Riga Līga Feldmane. Latvijas lielo pilsētu iedzīvotāju apmierinātība ar personīgo dzīves līmeni Ineta Grīne, Ivars Strautnieks. Amatciema un Vecozolu ciemu veidošana Cēsu pilsētas tuvumā Margarita Kairjaka. Sarukšanas izpausmes Ventspils pilsētvidē Kristers Kalniņš. Iedzīvotāju migrācijas procesu struktūra un dinamika piepilsētā: Ozolnieku novada piemērs Zaiga Krišjāne, Māra Zīra. Rīgas aglomerācija -vai tikai iedzīvotāju mobilitāte? Jānis Krūmiņš, Guido Sechi. Ģeogrāfiskās mobilitātes iezīmes un dzīves vides pievilcības vērtējums post-sociālistiskajā pilsētā: Rīgas pilsētas piemērs Ženija Krūzmētra, Dina Bite. Vietas resursos sakņota attīstība: Straupes, Druvienas un Kaldabruņas piemēri Ivars Matisovs. Latgaliskās identitātes vaicājumi LU 76. zinātniskā konference. SATURS 6 Inese Mieze, Ineta Grīne. Suburbanizācijas izpausmes Pierīgā pēc 2000.gada: Babītes pagasta piemērs Evita Muižniece -Treija. Iedzīvotāju līdzdalība smaku identificēšanā un aptaujas rezultāti par traucējošām smakām Rīgas administratīvajā teritorijā Krista Annija Samcova. Iedzīvotāju mobilitātes iezīmes kopā braukšanas fenomena izpētei Latvijā Toms Skadiņš. Aglomerācijas un to noteikšana. Rīgas piemērs Anastasija Smoļakova. Exploring de-industrialization processes in post-Soviet Daugavpils Sigita Šulca. Latvijas mūsdienu emigranta demogrāfiskais profils -reģionālās atšķirības Toms Zvirbulis. Bebru pagasta iedzīvotāju struktūras un apdzīvojuma izmaiņas 1990.gadu sākumā Rūpniecības un transporta ģeogrāfija

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Widespread, episodic decline of alder (Alnus) during the medieval period in the boreal forest of Europe

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Environmental changes and plant use during the 5th-14th centuries in medieval Gdańsk, northern Poland

Environmental changes and plant use during the 5th-14th centuries in medieval Gdańsk, northern Poland

Integrating fire-scar, charcoal and fungal spore data to study fire events in the boreal forest of northern Europe

Ģeogrāfija, ģeoloģija, vides zinātne : Latvijas Universitātes 76. zinātniskā konference : referātu tēzes

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