Widespread seasonal gene expression reveals annual differences in human immunity and physiology

Dopico, Xaquín Castro; Evangelou, Marina; Ferreira, Ricardo C.; Guo, Hui; Pękalski, Marcin Ł.; Smyth, Deborah J.; Cooper, Nicholas; Burren, Oliver S.; Fulford, Anthony J. C.; Hennig, Branwen J.; Prentice, Andrew M.; Ziegler, Anette‐G.; Bonifacio, Ezio; Wallace, Chris; Todd, John A.

doi:10.1038/ncomms8000

Cited by 415 publications

(440 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…A recent study has demonstrated seasonal variation in gene expression in human lymphocytes and adipocytes (36) . These cell types play important roles in insulin sensitivity and inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in early pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in a large, prospective cohort

et al. 2016

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Type of publicationArticle (peer-reviewed)Link to publisher's version http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114516003202Access to the full text of the published version may require a subscription. Rights © The Authors 2016Embargo information Access to this article is restricted until 12 months after publication by the request of the publisher Abstract Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency have been associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Controversy remains as findings have been inconsistent between disparate populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between vitamin D status and pregnancy outcomes in a large, prospective pregnancy cohort. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D concentration was analysed in serum samples collected at 15 weeks of gestation from 1710 New Zealand women participating in a large, observational study. Associations between vitamin D status and pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA) and gestational diabetes were investigated. The mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 72·9 nmol/l. In all, 23 % had 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations <50 nmol/l, and 5 % of participants had concentrations <25 nmol/l. Women with 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations <75 nmol/l at 15 weeks of gestation were more likely to develop gestational diabetes mellitus than those with concentrations >75 nmol/l (OR 2·3; 95 % CI 1·1, 5·1). However, this effect was not significant when adjustments were made for BMI and ethnicity (OR 1·8; 95 % CI 0·8, 4·2). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D concentration at 15 weeks was not associated with development of pre-eclampsia, spontaneous preterm birth or SGA infants. Pregnancy complications were low in this largely vitamin D-replete population.Key words: Vitamin D: Gestational diabetes mellitus: Pre-eclampsia Much progress has been made in the screening, diagnosis and management of important pregnancy disorders, but little progress has been made in the prevention of such disorders. Preeclampsia remains the second most common cause of maternal death worldwide (1) . Prematurity, mostly due to spontaneous preterm birth, is the leading cause of death among infants worldwide (2) . This is followed by growth restriction in term infants (3) . Furthermore, infants born preterm or with low birth weight have an increased risk of CVD and metabolic diseases later in life, the leading cause of death in adulthood (4) . The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing rapidly worldwide (5) and is associated with lifelong risks of metabolic disease in both mother and baby (6,7) . An association between low vitamin D and adverse pregnancy outcomes was first identified in the early 2000s (8) ; consequently, vitamin D has been postulated as a possible intervention strategy to reduce pregnancy complications. A recent meta-analysis found that low vitamin D, defined variably by the authors of included studies, was associated with an increased likelihood of pre-eclampsia (OR 1·79; 95 % CI 1·25, 2·58), small-for-gestational age (SGA) babies (OR 1·...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in early pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in a large, prospective cohort

et al. 2016

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“…lular and cytokine levels may not just fluctuate on a daily basis, but may also display seasonal variation. In humans white blood cell numbers peak in the winter months, correlating with a profound pro-inflammatory transcriptomic profile [64]. C-reactive protein peaks during the winter, which is a biomarker for inflammatory diseases [64].…”

Section: Circadian Disruption and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In humans white blood cell numbers peak in the winter months, correlating with a profound pro-inflammatory transcriptomic profile [64]. C-reactive protein peaks during the winter, which is a biomarker for inflammatory diseases [64]. Seasonality in clock gene expression is also observed, including Bmal1, which was shown to peak during the summer and trough during the winter [64].…”

Section: Circadian Disruption and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…C-reactive protein peaks during the winter, which is a biomarker for inflammatory diseases [64]. Seasonality in clock gene expression is also observed, including Bmal1, which was shown to peak during the summer and trough during the winter [64]. Alterations in clock genes expression over the course of the year could play a role in the observed seasonal risk of certain inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes [64].…”

Section: Circadian Disruption and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunometabolism: Is it under the eye of the clock?

Early

Curtis

2016

Seminars in Immunology

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“…Seasonal variations in host-pathogen interactions are common in nature (6). In humans, the immune system undergoes substantial seasonal changes in gene expression, which is inverted between European locations and Oceania (7). The regulation of seasonal changes in both disease incidence and immune defense is known to interact with environmental factors, such as annual changes in day length, humidity, and ambient temperature (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital epidemiology reveals global childhood disease seasonality and the effects of immunization

Bakker

Martinez

Helm

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Public health surveillance systems are important for tracking disease dynamics. In recent years, social and real-time digital data sources have provided new means of studying disease transmission. Such affordable and accessible data have the potential to offer new insights into disease epidemiology at national and international scales. We used the extensive information repository Google Trends to examine the digital epidemiology of a common childhood disease, chicken pox, caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV), over an 11-y period. We (i) report robust seasonal information-seeking behavior for chicken pox using Google data from 36 countries, (ii) validate Google data using clinical chicken pox cases, (iii) demonstrate that Google data can be used to identify recurrent seasonal outbreaks and forecast their magnitude and seasonal timing, and (iv) reveal that VZV immunization significantly dampened seasonal cycles in informationseeking behavior. Our findings provide strong evidence that VZV transmission is seasonal and that seasonal peaks show remarkable latitudinal variation. We attribute the dampened seasonal cycles in chicken pox information-seeking behavior to VZV vaccine-induced reduction of seasonal transmission. These data and the methodological approaches provide a way to track the global burden of childhood disease and illustrate population-level effects of immunization. The global latitudinal patterns in outbreak seasonality could direct future studies of environmental and physiological drivers of disease transmission.

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Widespread seasonal gene expression reveals annual differences in human immunity and physiology

Cited by 415 publications

References 71 publications

The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in early pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in a large, prospective cohort

The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in early pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in a large, prospective cohort

Immunometabolism: Is it under the eye of the clock?

Digital epidemiology reveals global childhood disease seasonality and the effects of immunization

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