Willingness to Approach Behavior and Feed Disappearance of Weaned Pigs Following Vaccination With Mycoplasma Vaccines

Fangman, Tom; Edler, Roy; Baumert, David; Dubois, Paul

doi:10.1080/10888700902720292

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Exposure of pigs to infectious agents has been shown to cause short-term behavioral and physiological changes, characteristic of acute sickness, including anorexia, adipsia, reduced activity, increased lying, decreased social interaction, and elevated body temperatures (Krsnik et al, 1999;Escobar et al, 2007;Ahmed et al, 2015). Furthermore, intramuscular vaccinations in pigs are known to produce behavioral changes akin to illness for up to 6 h after injection (Fangman et al, 2011;Cook et al, 2015Cook et al, , 2018. In this trial, the vaccination procedure mimicked infection by producing significant behavioral and physiological changes (i.e., elevated body temperatures) that were observable at the group level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How many pigs within a group need to be sick to lead to a diagnostic change in the group’s behavior?1

Miller

Dalton

Kanellos³

et al. 2019

Journal of Animal Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How many pigs within a group need to be sick to lead to a diagnostic change in the group’s behavior?1

Miller

Dalton

Kanellos³

et al. 2019

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Few pens had pigs pre-and post injection that piled, which has been interpreted as a fear behavior. 18,19 Fangman et al 11 There were no pre-injection behavior differences between treatment groups for average pen snout and tail-base distances from the observer. Post injection, average pig tail-base distances within each pen were closer to the human observer in the Vaccine A-treated pens than in the Vaccine B and VSAL treated pens.…”

Section: Percentage Of Pigsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…To quantify the transient behavioral differences noted in pigs after treatment with these vaccines, the authors chose the HAP. [10][11][12][13] All mammals display similar physiological alterations (ie, febrile response) and sickness behaviors (lethargy, decreased appetite and thirst, huddling, shivering, sleepiness, reduced grooming and exploration, uncoordinated body movements, and an increase in pain sensitivity) 14,15 to bacterial, viral, and protozoan pathogens. These alterations and sickness behaviors are derived from the energy cost diverted to the physiological response to an immunogen, subsequent antibody formation, and memory-cell development and nourishment.…”

Section: Not Orientedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nursery pig behavior evaluation pre- and post injection using digital-image methodology

Weimer,

Fangman,

Karriker

et al. 2018

JSHAP

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Objectives: To determine if nursery pigs display different behaviors and postures pre- and post injection during the human-approach paradigm using a digital photographic image. Materials and methods: A digital camera captured an image of nursery pigs in a pen during a human-approach paradigm at two time points, pre- and post injection, with three different treatments. A total of 149 pens containing crossbred, mixed-sexed nursery pigs 42 days of age were used. Each pen of pigs was randomly assigned to one of three injection treatments: Vaccine A (saline administered on day 28 and Vaccine A on day 43); Vaccine B (vaccine administered days 28 and 43); and saline (VSAL; saline administered on days 28 and 43). All pigs were classified as Touched, Oriented, or Not Oriented. Pigs classified as Not-Oriented were further delineated into four postures and two behaviors. Within behavioral categories, snout and tail-base distances from the human were measured. Results: There were no pre-injection pen behavioral differences. Fewer Vaccine B-treated pens were classified as Touched compared to Vaccine A- and VSAL-treated pens. Regardless of treatment, more pigs were Not Oriented post injection than pre-injection. Fewer Vaccine B-treated pigs stood than did other treatments. Vaccine B-treated pigs had the greatest snout and tail-base distances from the human. Implication: It is important to establish the age of the nursery pigs and the vaccine with which they are treated when conducting an on-farm assessment using a human-approach paradigm.

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“…Little published work has been conducted on the behavioral changes and in particular approachability resulting from injection. Fangman et al (2009) evaluated weaned pig behavior following injection with Ingelvac MycoFLEX and Resipsure-One vaccines. Pig behavior was assessed using the willingness to approach test pre-and post-injection.…”

Section: Behavior In a Nursery Pen: Injection Treatment Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal-human interaction comparing live human observation and digital image evaluation methodologies

Weimer

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base proximities were closer (P < 0.008) in the "look" category compared to CV-PCVM and saline treatments post-injection. Snout proximities of pigs classified in the "look" category were farther (P < 0.05) from the human observer in the CV-PCVM compared to CF/MF and saline treated pigs post-injection. The treatment effects yielded more negative or lethargic behaviors in the CV-PCVM group compared to CF/MF and saline. Future work should focus on determining the behavioral effects from each portion of the vaccination process.

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Willingness to Approach Behavior and Feed Disappearance of Weaned Pigs Following Vaccination With Mycoplasma Vaccines

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

How many pigs within a group need to be sick to lead to a diagnostic change in the group’s behavior?1

How many pigs within a group need to be sick to lead to a diagnostic change in the group’s behavior?1

Nursery pig behavior evaluation pre- and post injection using digital-image methodology

Animal-human interaction comparing live human observation and digital image evaluation methodologies

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