Wind environment around buildings: A knowledge-based approach

CFD evaluation of wind speed conditions in passages between parallel buildings—effect of wall-function roughness modifications for the atmospheric boundary layer flow

“…those that are not part of the passage. By analysis of a range of wind tunnel measurements, Stathopoulos et al (1992) found that the ratio K pcl;max to K c;max seems to be an almost universal function of the ratio w=S, where w is the passage width and S is the building influence scale:…”

“…(13), B L is the larger and B S is the smaller dimension of the windward facade. The CFD results from this study are superimposed on the data by Stathopoulos et al (1992) in Fig. 8.…”

Wind Environmental Conditions in Passages between Two Long Narrow Perpendicular Buildings

“…Significant issues concerning the use of the experimental data for CFD validation are also discussed. Passages between buildings can be responsible for increased wind speed and wind nuisance at pedestrian level (Ishizaki and Sung 1971, Wiren 1975, Lawson 1980, Beranek 1982, Stathopoulos and Storms 1986, Stathopoulos et al 1992, Stathopoulos and Wu 1995, To and Lam 1995, ASCE 2003, Blocken et al 2004, 2007a, Stathopoulos 2006. Different categories of passages between buildings can be distinguished, some of which are indicated in Fig.…”

Wind Tunnel Studies of a Pedestrian-Level Wind Environment in a Street Canyon between a High-Rise Building with a Podium and Low-Level Attached Houses

“…Blocken et al [3] conducted studies with CFD simulations and the aforementioned literature [2] on wind tunnel testing and proposed three types of passage flow patterns: resistance flow, interaction flow, and isolation flow. The study indicated that the street wind speed increased only at the pedestrian level; the wind speed of other heights only increased by 8% compared to the free flow condition (no building); therefore, it is not a good indication that the street wind flow meets the Venturi effect.…”

“…Stathopoulos et al [2] made four types of arrangements for wind tunnel testing: An isolated building, an isolated building with an open bottom, forward and back arrangement of two buildings, and right and left arrangement of two buildings. The configuration model that is relevant to the present study is the right and left arrangement of two buildings; their study took four different building dimensions to allow wind tunnel testing of eight different street canyon widths to explore the pedestrian-level wind characteristics.…”