Windbreaks as part of climate-smart landscapes reduce evapotranspiration in vineyards, Western Cape Province, South Africa

Veste, Maik; Littmann, Thomas; Kunneke, Anton; Toit, Ben du; Seifert, Thomas

doi:10.17221/616/2019-pse

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Due to the specific properties of each land‐component (Figure 8), adaptive biological methods (Figure 9) such as bush planting, forest plantation, tree planting, and windbreaks establishment have been suggested for most of the land‐components, as well as plantations for (for land‐components 5.1.4 and 5.1.17) to increase the soil strength and erosion threshold as well as reduce the wind speed. Xu, Wei, Dong, Liu, and Xu (2020) in China and Veste, Littmann, Kunneke, du Toit, and Seifert (2020) in South Africa reported on the effect of smart‐biological practices to control LD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land degradation assessment in the dust hotspot of Southeastern Ahvaz, Iran

Poornazari¹,

Khalilimoghadam²,

Hazbavi

et al. 2020

Land Degrad Dev

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The present study was conducted to assess the land degradation (LD) in the largest source area for dust storms in Southeastern Ahvaz (SEA) using a Modified Mediterranean Desertification and Land‐use (MMEDALUS) method (a modification of the MEDALUS method). The LD of the dust hotspot of SEA was evaluated using the soil quality index (SQI), climate quality index (CQI), vegetation quality index (VQI), and management quality index (MQI). The study indicators and final land degradation index (LDI) index were classified into four groups of low (100–120), moderate (121–135), severe (136–153), and very severe (more than 153). The results showed that the SQI, CQI, VQI, and land management quality index (MQI), respectively were 151 ± 6, 167 ± 5, 175 ± 12, and 168 ± 18 for the whole dust hotspot of SEA. The results revealed that the SQI and VQI had the minimum and maximum effect on LD assessment, respectively. The integration of study indices and indicators and their effectiveness for LD assessment showed that the study dust hotspot was rated at a mean of 165 ± 7 in the very severe degraded class based on our MMEDALUS assessment. Whereas, only about 18% of the study area scored in the severe class, and other parts are classified in the very severe class. Based on the field surveys of the dust hotspot and the results of the MMEDALUS method, suitable strategies for revitalizing the dust hotspot of SEA, were proposed using homogeneous land‐components such as the construction of windbreaks using indigenous species of the area, forestry, planting, water spreading, wetting, protection, and grazing management.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land degradation assessment in the dust hotspot of Southeastern Ahvaz, Iran

Poornazari¹,

Khalilimoghadam²,

Hazbavi

et al. 2020

Land Degrad Dev

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“…A recent study in the Western Cape, South Africa highlighted the positive effects of a poplar (Populus simonii (CarriÈre) Wesm.) windbreak on the combined reduction of wind speed and evapotranspiration in a vineyard [60]. Mean wind speed at crop height (2 m) was reduced by 27.6% over the entire year and by 39.2% over the summer growing season compared to a reference station.…”

Section: Afs As An Agro-engineering Measure To Influence Crop Water Demandmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The main usage of vegetative windbreaks as an applied form of AFS is the reduction of wind velocity on the leeward side [60,133]. Learning from studies in the Sahel, where soil and climate conditions are similar to the semi-arid regions of southern Africa, the effectiveness of shelterbelts is dependent on height, porosity, incident wind angle and by the leeward crop itself [134].…”

Section: Prevention Of Soil Erosion and The Degradation Of Agricultural Landmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroforestry: An Appropriate and Sustainable Response to a Changing Climate in Southern Africa?

et al. 2020

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Agroforestry is often discussed as a strategy that can be used both for the adaptation to and the mitigation of climate change effects. The climate of southern Africa is predicted to be severely affected by such changes. With agriculture noted as the continent’s largest economic sector, issues such as food security and land degradation are in the forefront. In the light of such concerns we review the current literature to investigate if agroforestry systems (AFS) are a suitable response to the challenges besetting traditional agricultural caused by a changing climate. The benefits bestowed by AFS are multiple, offering ecosystem services, influence over crop production and positive impacts on rural livelihoods through provisioning and income generation. Nevertheless, knowledge gaps remain. We identify outstanding questions requiring further investigation such as the interplay between trees and crops and their combination, with a discussion of potential benefits. Furthermore, we identify deficiencies in the institutional and policy frameworks that underlie the adoption and stimulus of AFS in the southern African region. We uphold the concept that AFS remains an appropriate and sustainable response for an increased resilience against a changing climate in southern Africa for the benefit of livelihoods and multiple environmental values.

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“…Indeed, tree shade can protect crops from extreme temperatures such as heat waves and frost (Inurreta-Aguirre et al 2018;Gosme et al 2019). Trees can act as windbreaks, which can reduce evapotranspiration (Veste et al 2020). They can also provide some protection to the vineyard from pests and diseases, either by creating favorable microclimatic conditions or by changing the balance between communities of pests and beneficial organisms (Altieri and Nicholls 2002;Barbar et al 2006).…”

Section: Categorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and management of traditional agroforestry vineyards in the high valleys of southern Bolivia

et al. 2022

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In the south of Bolivia, a group of traditional wine growers are distinguished by the cultivation of grapevines on native trees that serve as tutors. These growers currently represent one of the few examples of agroforestry vineyards in the world. They offer an opportunity to analyze the structure and management of these cropping systems, and to identify the ecosystem services provided by the combination of grapevines that are trained on trees. We characterize 29 agroforestry vineyards located in three high valleys in southern Bolivia, describing the main farm features, the structure and management of the vineyards, and the advantages of on-tree vine staking as recorded by the farmers. Farms were small (2.2 ha on average), with about half viticulture and half other crops and forage. The workforce was about half family and half employees. The most commonly used tree species were the molle tree (Schinus molle) and chañar tree (Geoffroea decorticans), and the majority of grape varieties grown were landraces such as “Negra criolla” and “Vicchoqueña.” The main cultivation techniques were pruning of the trees and vines, application of manure more than mineral fertilizers, gravity irrigation, and application of few pesticides. The main services farmers expected from trees were protection against climate hazards and flooding, disease control, maintenance of soil fertility, and higher yields. Agroforestry is a promising option for the agroecological transition of viticulture, which deserves further studies at both plot and farm scales.

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Windbreaks as part of climate-smart landscapes reduce evapotranspiration in vineyards, Western Cape Province, South Africa

Cited by 18 publications

References 36 publications

Land degradation assessment in the dust hotspot of Southeastern Ahvaz, Iran

Land degradation assessment in the dust hotspot of Southeastern Ahvaz, Iran

Agroforestry: An Appropriate and Sustainable Response to a Changing Climate in Southern Africa?

Structure and management of traditional agroforestry vineyards in the high valleys of southern Bolivia

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