Window Theory in Non-Ionizing Radiation-Induced Adaptive Responses

Mortazavi, S.M.J.

doi:10.2203/dose-response.12-060.mortazavi

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…After 12 hours of exposure, the bacterial responses to radiation as a stressor led to returning to the preexposure status. This observation is in line with the previous reports of Mortazavi et al, 18 , 19 , 34 – 36 who showed that the radiation-induced stimulatory/beneficial effects in bacteria can be observed only within a narrow window of radiation dose. Based on this theory, when the radiation level is within the window (between the lower and upper levels of the window), stimulatory effects of ionizing or nonionizing radiation can be detected.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Evaluation of the Effect of Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted From Wi-Fi Router and Mobile Phone Simulator on the Antibacterial Susceptibility of Pathogenic Bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli

et al. 2017

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Mobile phones and Wi-Fi radiofrequency radiation are among the main sources of the exposure of the general population to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF). Previous studies have shown that exposure of microorganisms to RF-EMFs can be associated with a wide spectrum of changes ranged from the modified bacterial growth to the alterations of the pattern of antibiotic resistance. Our laboratory at the nonionizing department of the Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center has performed experiments on the health effects of exposure to animal models and humans to different sources of electromagnetic fields such as cellular phones, mobile base stations, mobile phone jammers, laptop computers, radars, dentistry cavitrons, magnetic resonance imaging, and Helmholtz coils. On the other hand, we have previously studied different aspects of the challenging issue of the ionizing or nonionizing radiation-induced alterations in the susceptibility of microorganisms to antibiotics. In this study, we assessed if the exposure to 900 MHz GSM mobile phone radiation and 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from common Wi-Fi routers alters the susceptibility of microorganisms to different antibiotics. The pure cultures of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli were exposed to RF-EMFs generated either by a GSM 900 MHz mobile phone simulator and a common 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi router. It is also shown that exposure to RF-EMFs within a narrow level of irradiation (an exposure window) makes microorganisms resistant to antibiotics. This adaptive phenomenon and its potential threats to human health should be further investigated in future experiments. Altogether, the findings of this study showed that exposure to Wi-Fi and RF simulator radiation can significantly alter the inhibition zone diameters and growth rate for L monocytogenes and E coli. These findings may have implications for the management of serious infectious diseases.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Evaluation of the Effect of Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted From Wi-Fi Router and Mobile Phone Simulator on the Antibacterial Susceptibility of Pathogenic Bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli

et al. 2017

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“…Results of the current study are in accordance with the previous study and similar studies on the effects of radiofrequency on the antimicrobial susceptibility of the K. pneumoniae after exposure to 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi radiofrequency radiation and supports the "window" theory concept (17,(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of the 900 MHz Radiofrequency Radiation Effects on the Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Growth Rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae

et al. 2017

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Introduction: Drug resistance to one or more antibiotics is mainly believed to be a serious threat to global public health which occurs by various mechanisms. The electromagnetic field as a nonchemical tool is capable of altering the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the antimicrobial susceptibility of the Klebsiella pneumoniae to antibiotics before and after exposure to 900 MHz radiofrequency (RF) radiation produced by a mobile phone.Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacteria to antibiotics disks were performed after exposure to 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation. Antimicrobial susceptibility was carried out by Kirby-Bauer and the inhibition zone of each antibiotic disk was measured (as mean). Additionally, growth variations under exposure were recorded and an outgrowth curve was drawn.Results: Based on the results, after 12 hours of exposure to 900MHz radiofrequency, there was observed a maximum increase in the sensitivity of K. pneumoniae and shown that radiofrequency (RF) radiation can change antimicrobial sensitivity significantly (P < 0.05). Also, the radiofrequency radiation effect on the bacterial proliferation was evaluated and showed that exposure enables the bacteria to grow faster in the exponential phase than the non-exposed bacteria. Conclusions:The findings of the study indicated that the sensitivity of K. pneumoniae was significantly increased to the various antibiotics after 12 hours of exposure to 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation. These observations could be interpreted by the concept of non-linearity in the responses of K. pneumoniae to different antibiotics after exposure to electromagnetic radiofrequency radiation and can be useful in the management of serious infectious diseases.

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“…Mitchel (2010) has previously reported the existence of a certain window for adapting doses of ionizing radiation, "the adaptive response in mammalian cells and mammals operates within a certain window that can be defined by upper and lower dose thresholds, typically between about 1 and 100 mGy for a single low dose rate exposure". Mortazavi (2013a) has recently reported that there were similar patterns for induction of adaptive response by ionizing and non-ionizing radiation and confirmed the existence of such a window for adapting doses of nonionizing radiation.…”

Section: Non-linear Adaptive Phenomena and Risk Of Infectionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Non-Linear Adaptive Phenomena which Decrease the Risk of Infection after Pre-Exposure to Radiofrequency Radiation

et al. 2013

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Substantial evidence indicates that adaptive response induced by low doses of ionizing radiation can result in resistance to the damage caused by a subsequently high-dose radiation or cause cross-resistance to other non-radiation stressors. Adaptive response contradicts the linear-non-threshold (LNT) dose-response model for ionizing radiation. We have previously reported that exposure of laboratory animals to radiofrequency radiation can induce a survival adaptive response. Furthermore, we have indicated that pre-exposure of mice to radiofrequency radiation emitted by a GSM mobile phone increased their resistance to a subsequent Escherichia coli infection. In this study, the survival rates in animals receiving both adapting (radiofrequency) and challenge dose (bacteria) and the animals receiving only the challenge dose (bacteria) were 56% and 20%, respectively. In this light, our findings contribute to the assumption that radiofrequency-induced adaptive response can be used as an efficient method for decreasing the risk of infection in immunosuppressed irradiated individuals. The implication of this phenomenon in human's long term stay in the space is also discussed.

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Window Theory in Non-Ionizing Radiation-Induced Adaptive Responses

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Evaluation of the Effect of Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted From Wi-Fi Router and Mobile Phone Simulator on the Antibacterial Susceptibility of Pathogenic Bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli

Evaluation of the Effect of Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted From Wi-Fi Router and Mobile Phone Simulator on the Antibacterial Susceptibility of Pathogenic Bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli

Evaluation of the 900 MHz Radiofrequency Radiation Effects on the Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Growth Rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae

Non-Linear Adaptive Phenomena which Decrease the Risk of Infection after Pre-Exposure to Radiofrequency Radiation

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