Winning in Professional Team Sports: Historical Moments

Jang, Hayley; Lee, Young Ho; Fort, Rodney

doi:10.1111/ecin.12702

Cited by 7 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Whether interventions, both from the product and the labour market, should be introduced or extended in European leagues are issues highly relevant for league management. One complication is, however, that subsequent effects may not only be on competitive balance, because they could also happen at the expense of domestic clubs' international competitiveness (see, for example, Jang et al, 2019). The latter is especially relevant in European football and handball, through the Champions League arranged by both UEFA and the EHF.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on Noll (1988) and Scully (1989), and presented in Quirk and Fort (1992), the ratio of standard deviation (RSD) has been the most common measure for win dispersion (see Fort, 2007 andJang et al, 2019). It is defined as follows:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the number of teams and matches), and they claim that RSD is biased when ex ante competitive balance is not expected to be (close to) perfect. Additionally, see Jang et al (2019), who provide a list of relevant references in this regard. An alternative is to measure variance or distribution as a share of what Kringstad and Gerrard (2007) categorize as perfect competitive dominance.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…salary caps), as well as from institutional frameworks (e.g. financial prizes from the UEFA Champions League) (see also Jang et al, 2019). Interestingly, there is also literature focusing on biology, directing attention towards the distribution of players' abilities in the so-called Gould hypothesis.…”

Section: Competitive Balance In a Gender Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Comparing competitive balance between genders in team sports

Kringstad

2020

European Sport Management Quarterly

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research question: Interest in women's team sports has increased over time. However, there is still little research comparing competitive balance between genders in the bigger sports leagues. Against this background the main research question is whether there are systematic differences in competitive balance between the genders among the bigger sports leagues. Research methods: The analysis involves football (soccer), handball and basketball leagues for the period 2007/08-2016/17 (14 leagues and 135 observations) and is based on quantitative methods. Competitive balance is a multidimensional concept, and this paper separately measures win dispersion, performance persistence and prize (here: championship winner) concentration. Results and findings: In football (soccer), win dispersion is strongly significantly weaker for women's leagues compared to their respective men's leagues, while the results for the other dimensions are mixed. Generally, the level of competitive balance seems weak in women's football (soccer) and in handball. For the latter, there is little difference in competitive balance between the genders. In basketball, the strong significant results for performance persistence suggest that the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) is more balanced than the NBA. Implications: The level of competitive balance in women's football in Europe looks weak, also compared to the women's football in North America. If this leads to competitive balance problems (i.e. lower attendance, ceteris paribus) among women's football in Europe, governing bodies should consider traditional regulations to promote equalization of sporting quality and/or to adjust the framework of the game to better fit women's physiques.

show abstract

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Competitive Balance In a Gender Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparing competitive balance between genders in team sports

Kringstad

2020

European Sport Management Quarterly

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are many methods to measure these variations, and no single method should be regarded as most appropriate [8]. The withinseason, competitive balance has been evaluated for a number of individual or team sports, including baseball, basketball, football, ice hockey, soccer, speed skating, table tennis, and tennis using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), Competitive Balance Ratio (CBR), the ratio of standard deviations (RSD), Gini coefficient and related Lorenz curve, relative entropy, and other, specific-sport-based criteria, such as points, scores, or time [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Between-seasons variation can be evaluated for an individual team using the team-specific variation in standing in different seasons (turnover) [11], or by measuring the concentration of championships in a given time period [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

We are the Champions. The Index for Evaluating Concentration of Championships Using a Sliding Window Approach

Šimko¹

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The concept of competitive balance is considered to be an essential aspect in the field of sport economics. This work describes a novel approach for measuring and evaluating competitive balance through concentration of championships. The concentration of championships was assessed using a sliding window approach with the length of five consecutive competitions (years) and a single competition (year) increment over the whole evaluated period. Because the sliding window was relatively short, the newly developed index, termed ‘We Are the Champions’ (WAC5), is sensitive to rapid changes in competitive balance. The WAC5 index, average WAC5, expected WAC5, and ΔWAC5 were applied to data from 68 competitions of several individual and team sports collected for the 1960 – 2020 period. The significance of indices was tested by resampling (bootstrapping and permutation). The results of the study show a growth in competitive balance of several ice hockey competitions (national and international), but decreasing competitive balance in Formula 1 racing and in several European soccer competitions. In soccer competitions, there was a substantially lower competitive balance in a league than in a domestic cup competition within each country/federation. The difference between the overall competitive balance in the most popular, North American, professional leagues and the top European soccer leagues is growing. A significant grouping of champions was determined for all sports involving individual athletes, but also for several team competitions.

show abstract

We are the champions. The index for evaluating concentration of championships using a sliding window approach

Šimko

2022

Heliyon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Winning in Professional Team Sports: Historical Moments

Cited by 7 publications

References 58 publications

Comparing competitive balance between genders in team sports

Comparing competitive balance between genders in team sports

We are the Champions. The Index for Evaluating Concentration of Championships Using a Sliding Window Approach

We are the champions. The index for evaluating concentration of championships using a sliding window approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About