Winter cardiovascular diseases phenomenon

Abstract

This paper review seasonal patterns across twelve cardiovascular diseases: Deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, aortic dissection and rupture, stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, hypertension, heart failure, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, venricular arrythmia and atrial fibrillation, and discuss a possible cause of the occurrence of these diseases. There is a clear seasonal trend of cardiovascular diseases, with the highest incidence occurring during the colder winter months, which have been described in many countries. This phenomenon likely contributes to the numbers of deaths occurring in winter. The implications of this finding are important for testing the relative importance of the proposed mechanisms. Understanding the influence of season and other factors is essential when seeking to implement effective public health measures.

Cardiovascular burden and percutaneous interventions in Russian Federation: systematic epidemiological update

“…The lowest CV mortality was documented in the Russian Caucasus with a lifestyle which is typical for the principles of the Mediterranean diet including higher PA and harmonized nutrition despite relatively poor socioeconomic situation at this region. The most remarkable was so called Arctic paradox when very comparable low CV death rates were determined in the subarctic and arctic regions of Russia with extremely cold weather (27) and a lifestyle which is not consistent with the concept of the healthy diet and physical training amid very emerging economic development of the region. The previous Russian studies (47) documented a high strain of the adaptive mechanisms and hemodynamic patterns in Northerners with more reactive vegetative feedback and higher median of blood pressure within the physiologic numbers, which is most probably plays a role of the pre-conditioning for coronary pool and myocardium dramatically reducing a risk of the CV death.…”

“…The smoking (17.3% of screened with a 2,786 cig a year; 63.2% of male and 9.1% of female; 70.6% in the trial; a contribution to mortality is about 29%), excessive alcohol consumption (1.8% of screened with a 11.6 L per year mostly of beer and vodka; 50.6% in the trial; about 70% consumed strong alcoholic beverages; responsible for 25.6% of CV deaths in male and 15.4% in female), unhealthy diet with insufficient consumption of fruits, vegetables, sea food, unsaturated fat, and proteins (mean 12% of the daily consumption) with abundance of carbohydrates/ sugar (up to 57% of diet), saturated and trans fats (up to 29-40% of the energy) including palm oil, butterfat, mayonnaise, and junk processed red meat), psychosocial factors (75% of Russians are not adapted to new living conditions, 20%-stress, 11.7%-anxiety, and 9.6%-depression) and physical inactivity (19.6% of screened; at least 73.9% of men and 74.8% of women) remain the major modifiable risk factors. They, in turn, affect (see Figure 3) (5,14,15,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) such risk factors as dyslipidemia (86.7% in the trial), obesity (16.7% of screened; mean BMI in the trial was 28.4), and hypertension (about 40.8% suffered; 86.1% in the trial), which is relevant to findings of the EUROASPIRE IV trial (31,32) in the European population, and screening studies of the Russian Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2017;7(1):60-84 cdt.amegroups.com 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 Total mortality per 1,000, 2012…”

Trends in hospitalizations of patients with acute coronary syndrome and indicators of the atmospheric state in Moscow in 2009-2012

“…Спазм коронарных артерий ведет к сни-жению толерантности к физическим нагрузкам, провоци-рует ангинозные боли и может привести к разрыву атеро-склеротических бляшек, образованию нестабильных бля-шек с последующим развитием тромбоза. По данным лите-ратуры, в холодное время года у здоровых людей и пациен-тов с заболеваниями сосудов отмечена гемоконцентрация [24][25][26][27][28][29], повышение уровня прокоагулянтов и маркеров активации гемостаза (фактор свертывания крови VIII [30], фактор Виллебранда [30], фибриноген [23,24,30], D-димер [31], маркеров воспалительной реакции (СОЭ [20,28], C-реактивный белок [31,23], ИЛ-1,ИЛ-6 [23]), снижение концентрации прокоагулянтов (протеин С [24]), антиокси-дантов (витамин D [29]). …”

“…Выявлена также отрицательная связь числа госпитализаций у мужчин с диагнозом ОИМ осенью с уровнем атмосферного давления. Возможно, это наблю-дение объясняется тем, что со снижением атмосферного давления в воздухе снижается концентрация кислорода [29]. Однако в других группах мы такой связи не обнару-жили.…”

Heat and cardiovascular diseases: A review of epidemiological surveys

“…В ряде международных ис-следований выявлена сезонная цикличность заболеваемости и смертности от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) с пиком в холодное время года и минимумом в летний период [1][2][3]. Тем-пература воздуха и ее изменение являются наиболее значимым для сердечно-сосудистой системы погодным фактором.…”