Winter Field Trials of Enrofloxacin for the Control of <i>Aeromonas salmonicida</i> Infection in Salmonids

Hsu, Hui‐Min; Bowser, Paul R.; Schachte, John H.; Scarlett, Janet M.; Babish, John G.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-7345.1995.tb00259.x

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…, 1992; Stoffregen et al. , 1993; Hsu et al. , 1995), Vibrio anguillarum (agent of vibriosis; Dalsgaard & Bjerregaard, 1991), and Renibacterium salmoninarum (agent of bacterial kidney disease; Hsu et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enrofloxacin is used in aquaculture to control susceptible bacterial diseases (Lewbart et al, 1997;Stoffregen et al, 1997;Intorre et al, 2000). Enrofloxacin has been demonstrated to be efficacious against common bacterial pathogens including Aeromonas salmonicida (causative agent of furunculosis; Bowser et al, 1992;Stoffregen et al, 1993;Hsu et al, 1995), Vibrio anguillarum (agent of vibriosis; Dalsgaard & Bjerregaard, 1991), and Renibacterium salmoninarum (agent of bacterial kidney disease; Hsu et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in Korean catfish (Silurus asotus)

Kim

Lim

Park

et al. 2006

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite, ciprofloxacin, in Korean catfish after intravenous and oral administrations. Enrofloxacin was administered to Korean catfish by a single intravenous and oral administrations at the dose of 10 mg/kg body weight. The plasma concentrations from intravenous and oral administrations of enrofloxacin were determined by LC/MS. Pharmacokinetic parameters from both routes were described to have a two-compartmental model. After intravenous and oral administrations of enrofloxacin, the elimination half-lives (t(1/2,beta)), area under the drug concentration-time curves (AUC), oral bioavailability (F) were 17.44 +/- 4.66 h and 34.13 +/- 11.50 h, 48.1 +/- 15.7 microgxh/mL and 27.3 +/- 12.4 microgxh/mL, and 64.59 +/- 4.58% respectively. The 3.44 +/- 0.81 h maximum concentration (C(max)) of 1.2 +/- 0.2 microg/mL. Ciprofloxacin, an active metabolite of enrofloxacin, was detected at all the determined time-points from 0.25 to 72 h, with the C(max) of 0.17 +/- 0.08 microg/mL for intravenous dose. After oral administration, ciprofloxacin was detected at all the time-points except 0.25 h, with the C(max) of 0.03 +/- 0.01 microg/mL at 6.67 +/- 2.31 h. Ciprofloxacin was eliminated with terminal half-life t(1/2,beta) of 52.08 +/- 17.34 h for intravenous administration and 52.43 +/- 22.37 h for oral administration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in Korean catfish (Silurus asotus)

Kim

Lim

Park

et al. 2006

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…It has a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity including gram-negative bacteria, intracellular organisms such as rickettsia, chlamydia, and mycoplasma, and a lesser spectrum of activity against grampositive organisms. Our laboratory and others have demonstrated enrofloxacin to be efficacious against common and serious bacterial pathogens impacting salmonid culture including Aeromonas salmonicida (causative agent of furunculosis; Bowser et al, 1990;Stoffregen et al, 1993;Bowser et al, 1994;Hsu et al, 1995), Vibrio anguillarum (agent of vibriosis; Dalsgaard & Bjerregaard, 1991) and Renibacterium salmoninarum (agent of bacterial kidney disease; Hsu et al, 1994). Previous pharmacokinetic studies of enrofloxacin in finfish have been limited to multiple temperature and dose administration trials in rainbow trout (Bowser et al, 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple route and dose pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in juvenile Atlantic salmon

Stoffregen

Wooster

Bustos

et al. 1997

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The fluoroquinolone antibacterial family is a relatively recent group of bactericidal compounds, generally characterized by efficacy against a wide spectrum of bacterial organisms and exhibiting minimal adverse effects in treated patients. The fluoroquinolones are widely prescribed in both human and veterinary medicine, though in veterinary medicine in the USA there are currently only two approved compounds, enrofloxacin (Baytril, Bayer Animal Health, Shawnee Mission, KS) and sarafloxacin (SaraFlox, Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL), both with limited species and disease label approvals. Currently, there are no approved fluoroquinolone antibacterials to treat bacterial infectious diseases in cultured fish species. Enrofloxacin was administered to juvenile Atlantic salmon as a single bolus via intraarterial (i.a.), intraperitoneal (i.p.), intramuscular (i.m.), or oral gavage routes of administration. The drug was administered via the first three routes to achieve a dose of 10 mg/kg, and via oral gavage to achieve both 10 (p.o.-10) and 5 (p.o.-5) mg/kg doses. Two-compartment model kinetics were observed with elimination of half-lives (t1/2) of 130.6, 34.32, 84.98, 105.11, and 48.24 h, area under the drug concentration-time curves (AUC) of 84.3, 75.31, 55.61, 41.68, and 38.81 micrograms x h/mL, and bioavailabilities (F) of 100, 89.34, 65.97, 49.44, and 46.04% (i.a., i.p., i.m., p.o.-10, p.o.-5, respectively). All administration routes at 10 mg/kg were found to yield comparable drug concentration-time curves for multiple tissue, indicating no distinct advantage of using one route over another from a kinetics perspective. Finally, the 5 mg/kg dose (p.o.-5) yielded comparable multiple tissue drug concentration-time curves to the 10 mg/kg dose (p.o.-10), providing pharmacokinetic evidence to justify therapeutic efficacy trials with the lower dose.

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“…Moreover, plasmids encoding antibiotic resistance (R-plasmids) have been isolated from A. salmonicida (2,15,26,27). A second generation of 4-quinolones-fluoroquinolones, notably enrofloxacin and sarofloxacin, effectively inhibits the pathogen and offers promise for the future since plasmidencoded resistance to these compounds has not been described (7,14,19). However, mutational resistance to this class of compounds can develop in A. salmonicida (8,21,22,32).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of Plasmid-Mediated Oxytetracycline Resistance in Aeromonas salmonicida

Adams¹,

Austin²,

Meaden³

et al. 1998

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Using broth conjugation, we found that 19 of 29 (66%) oxytetracycline (OT)-resistant isolates of Aeromonas salmonicida transferred the OT resistance phenotype toEscherichia coli. The OT resistance phenotype was encoded by high-molecular-weight R-plasmids that were capable of transferring OT resistance to both environmental and clinical isolates ofAeromonas spp. The molecular basis for antibiotic resistance in OT-resistant isolates of A. salmonicida was determined. The OT resistance determinant from one plasmid (pASOT) ofA. salmonicida was cloned and used in Southern blotting and hybridization experiments as a probe. The determinant was identified on a 5.4-kb EcoRI fragment on R-plasmids from the 19 OT-resistant isolates of A. salmonicida. Hybridization with plasmids encoding the five classes (classes A to E) of OT resistance determinants demonstrated that the OT resistance plasmids of the 19A. salmonicida isolates carried the class A resistance determinant. Analysis of data generated from restriction enzyme digests showed that the OT resistance plasmids were not identical; three profiles were characterized, two of which showed a high degree of homology.

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Winter Field Trials of Enrofloxacin for the Control of Aeromonas salmonicida Infection in Salmonids

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in Korean catfish (Silurus asotus)

Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in Korean catfish (Silurus asotus)

Multiple route and dose pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in juvenile Atlantic salmon

Molecular Characterization of Plasmid-Mediated Oxytetracycline Resistance in Aeromonas salmonicida

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