Winter ichthyoplankton biomass as a predictor of early summer prey fields and survival of juvenile salmon in the northern California Current

Daly, Elizabeth A.; Auth, Toby D.; Brodeur, Richard D.; Peterson, William T.

doi:10.3354/meps10320

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…While this work has been carried out extensively for Pacific salmon species (e.g., Daly et al 2013;Logerwell et al 2003;Mueter et al 2002aMueter et al , 2002bMueter et al , 2005Wedemeyer et al 1980), it is generally lacking for steelhead (Scheuerell et al 2009;Smith and Ward 2000). We discovered similar smolt survival trends for steelhead populations from the following groupings: Washington and Oregon coasts, the lower Columbia River, the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and Puget Sound and the Keogh River.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Declining patterns of Pacific Northwest steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) adult abundance and smolt survival in the ocean

Kendall

Marston

Klungle

2017

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Examination of population abundance and survival trends over space and time can guide management and conservation actions with information about the spatial and temporal scale of factors affecting them. Here, we analyzed steelhead trout (anadromous Oncorhynchus mykiss) adult abundance time series from 35 coastal British Columbia and Washington populations along with smolt-to-adult return (smolt survival) time series from 48 populations from Washington, Oregon, and the Keogh River in British Columbia. Over 80% of the populations have declined in abundance since 1980. A multivariate autoregressive statespace model revealed smolt survival four groupings: Washington and Oregon coast, lower Columbia River, Strait of Juan de Fuca, and Puget Sound -Keogh River populations. Declines in smolt survival rates were seen for three of the four groupings. Puget Sound and Keogh River populations have experienced low rates since the early 1990s. Correlations between population pairs' time series and distance apart illustrated that smolt survival rates were more positively correlated for proximate populations, suggesting that important processes, including those related to ocean survival, occur early in the marine life of steelhead. Les populations du Puget Sound et de la rivière Keogh présentent de faibles taux de survie depuis le début des années 1990. Les corrélations entre les séries chronologiques de paires de populations et les distances les séparant illustrent le fait que les taux de survie des saumoneaux montrent de plus fortes corrélations positives pour les populations rapprochées, ce qui porte à croire que des processus importants, dont les processus associés à la survie en mer, s'exercent au début de la vie en mer des truites arc-en-ciel anadromes. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Declining patterns of Pacific Northwest steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) adult abundance and smolt survival in the ocean

Kendall

Marston

Klungle

2017

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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“…Growth and survival have been related to indices of local marine conditions, such as an upwelling index (Logerwell, Mantua, Lawson, Francis, & Agostini, ; Scheuerell & Williams, ) and sea surface temperatures (Drenner et al., ; Miller et al., ). These processes involve shifts in the abundance and quality of the copepod and ichthyoplankton forage base (Daly, Auth, Brodeur, & Peterson, ; Peterson et al., ). These occur through variations in the horizontal advection of oceanic surface water to the near habitat, and upwelling within the habitat; both of which vary with the PDO index (Bi, Peterson, & Strub, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation planning for freshwater–marine carryover effects on Chinook salmon survival

Gosselin

Zabel

Anderson

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Experiences of migratory species in one habitat may affect their survival in the next habitat, in what is known as carryover effects. These effects are especially relevant for understanding how freshwater experience affects survival in anadromous fishes. Here, we study the carryover effects of juvenile salmon passage through a hydropower system (Snake and Columbia rivers, northwestern United States). To reduce the direct effect of hydrosystem passage on juveniles, some fishes are transported through the hydrosystem in barges, while the others are allowed to migrate in‐river. Although hydrosystem survival of transported fishes is greater than that of their run‐of‐river counterparts, their relative juvenile‐to‐adult survival (hereafter survival) can be less. We tested for carryover effects using generalized linear mixed effects models of survival with over 1 million tagged Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum) (Salmonidae), migrating in 1999–2013. Carryover effects were identified with rear‐type (wild vs. hatchery), passage‐type (run‐of‐river vs. transported), and freshwater and marine covariates. Importantly, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index characterizing cool/warm (i.e., productive/nonproductive) ocean phases had a strong influence on the relative survival of rear‐ and passage‐types. Specifically, transportation benefited wild Chinook salmon more in cool PDO years, while hatchery counterparts benefited more in warm PDO years. Transportation was detrimental for wild Chinook salmon migrating early in the season, but beneficial for later season migrants. Hatchery counterparts benefited from transportation throughout the season. Altogether, wild fish could benefit from transportation approximately 2 weeks earlier during cool PDO years, with still a benefit to hatchery counterparts. Furthermore, we found some support for hypotheses related to higher survival with increased river flow, high predation in the estuary and plume areas, and faster migration and development‐related increased survival with temperature. Thus, pre‐ and within‐season information on local‐ and broad‐scale conditions across habitats can be useful for planning and implementing real‐time conservation programs.

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“…We thus modelled the interannual variability in the survival of Chinook Salmon in the Northern California Current as a function of climate variables that have previously been linked to growth or survival. We also determined the feeding ecology of juvenile Chinook Salmon (as indicated by stable isotopes of δ 15 N and δ 13 C), as this is one process that may link the bottom‐up effects of climate to survival (Daly et al ., ). We hypothesized that variability in the δ 15 N and δ 13 C of juvenile salmon and zooplankton would be driven by climate variability, and would correlate with overall survival rates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Influences of ocean conditions and feeding ecology on the survival of juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Hertz

Trudel

Tucker

et al. 2016

Fisheries Oceanography

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Recruitment variability in many fish populations is postulated to be influenced by climatic and oceanographic variability. However, a mechanistic understanding of the influence of specific variables on recruitment is generally lacking. Feeding ecology is one possible mechanism that more directly links ocean conditions and recruitment. We test this mechanism using juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) collected off the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, in 2000-2009. Stable isotopes of carbon (d 13 C), an indicator of temperature or primary productivity, and nitrogen (d 15 N), an indicator of trophic position, were taken from muscle tissues of genetically stock-identified salmon. We also collated large-scale climate indices (e.g., Pacific Decadal Oscillation, North Pacific Gyre Oscillation), local climate variables (e.g., sea surface temperature) and copepod community composition across these years. We used a Bayesian network to determine how ocean conditions influenced feeding ecology, and subsequent survival rates. We found that smolt survival of Chinook Salmon is predicted by their d 13 C value, but not their d 15 N. In turn, large-scale climate variability determined the d 13 C values of salmon, thus linking climate to survival through feeding ecology, likely through qualities propagated from the base of the food chain.

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Winter ichthyoplankton biomass as a predictor of early summer prey fields and survival of juvenile salmon in the northern California Current

Cited by 40 publications

References 49 publications

Declining patterns of Pacific Northwest steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) adult abundance and smolt survival in the ocean

Declining patterns of Pacific Northwest steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) adult abundance and smolt survival in the ocean

Conservation planning for freshwater–marine carryover effects on Chinook salmon survival

Influences of ocean conditions and feeding ecology on the survival of juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

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