Wire and arc additive manufacturing of 316L stainless steel/Inconel 625 functionally graded material: development and characterization

Rodrigues, Tiago A.; Farias, Francisco Werley Cipriano; Zhang, Kaiping; Shamsolhodaei, A.; Shen, Jiajia; Zhou, Naixun; Schell, Norbert; Čapek, Jan; Polatidis, Efthymios; Santos, Telmo G.; Oliveira, J.P.

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.08.169

Cited by 131 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This microstructural evolution along the build direction (BD) is attributed to the different thermal cycles that undergo during the WAAM process. Rodrigues et al (2022) also reported that the formation of fine-grained structures in the top layer is mainly attributed to the fast cooling rate. Similar microstructural evolution was also attained in the scientific studies of Ahsan et al (2020), Dash et al (2023) and Rodrigues et al (2021) during WAAM of low-carbon steel parts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Rodrigues et al (2022) reported that heat input and cooling rate controls the microstructural evolution and microhardness. Finer the microstructure higher will be the hardness value.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, at low WFS, heat input becomes less, promoting the surface tension force and resulting in poor wettability with low contact angle (Yin et al, 2020). Rodrigues et al (2022) reported that heat input and cooling rate controls the microstructural evolution and microhardness. Finer the microstructure higher will be the hardness value.…”

Section: Parametric Influence On Contact Angle and Microhardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-transferring arc and wire additive manufacturing: microstructure, mechanical properties and bulk texture evolution of deposits

Pattanayak,

Sahoo,

Sahoo

et al. 2024

RPJ

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Purpose This study aims to demonstrate a modified wire arc additive manufacturing (AM) named non-transferring arc and wire AM (NTA-WAM). Here, the build plate has no electrical arc attachment, and the system’s arc is ignited between tungsten electrode and filler wire. Design/methodology/approach The effect of various deposition conditions (welding voltage, travel speed and wire feed speed [WFS]) on bead characteristics is studied through response surface methodology (RSM). Under optimum deposition condition, a single-bead and thin-layered part is fabricated and subjected to microstructural, tensile testing and X-ray diffraction study. Moreover, bulk texture analysis has been carried out to illustrate the effect of thermal cycles and tensile-induced deformations on fibre texture evolutions. Findings RSM illustrates WFS as a crucial deposition parameter that suitably monitors bead width, height, penetration depth, dilution, contact angle and microhardness. The ferritic (acicular and polygonal) and lath bainitic microstructure is transformed into ferrite and pearlitic micrographs with increasing deposition layers. It is attributed to a reduced cooling rate with increased depositions. Mechanical testing exhibits high tensile strength and ductility, which is primarily due to compressive residual stress and lattice strain development. In deposits, ϒ-fibre evolution is more resilient due to the continuous recrystallisation process after each successive deposition. Tensile-induced deformation mostly favours ζ and ε-fibre development due to high strain accumulations. Originality/value This modified electrode arrangement in NTA-WAM suitably reduces spatter and bead height deviation. Low penetration depth and dilution denote a reduction in heat input that enhances the cooling rate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Rodrigues et al (2022) reported that heat input and cooling rate controls the microstructural evolution and microhardness. Finer the microstructure higher will be the hardness value.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Parametric Influence On Contact Angle and Microhardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-transferring arc and wire additive manufacturing: microstructure, mechanical properties and bulk texture evolution of deposits

Pattanayak,

Sahoo,

Sahoo

et al. 2024

RPJ

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“…The bimetallic structure can make full use of the excellent properties of the two materials and has broad potential applications in the aerospace, biomedicine, oil & gas, power generation, and nuclear industry. It can meet the needs in these fields, such as high-performance, lightweight, high thermal/electrical conductivity, high wear resistance and corrosion, and multifunctional parts [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ta/Cu transition region in TC4/Inconel718 bimetallic structure fabricated by laser deposition manufacturing

Wang

Xing

et al. 2023

Science and Technology of Welding and Joining

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The bimetallic structure formed by TC4 and Inconel718 has broad potential applications in aerospace. Based on the laser deposition manufacturing technique, a TC4/Inconel718 bimetallic structure was fabricated via the Ta/Cu transition layer. The test results indicated that a Ta/Cu transition region with a width of 475.0 μm was formed. The microstructure of the transition region changed from a reticular to a rod structure, and the corresponding phase compositions were β-Ta + Ti 2 Cu + TiCu and TiCu+γ -Cu + Cr 2 Ta. Owing to the formation of Ti-Cu and Cr-Ta phases in the transition region, the Vickers hardness reached 444.0 HV. The ultimate tensile strength was 280 MPa, and the fracture morphology presented a quasi-cleavage fracture, which occurred in the Ta/Cu transition region where Ti-Cu brittle phases exist.

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“…More recent nickel alloy development however has been for applications in gas turbines. Nickel superalloys are currently in service in a variety of applications including gas turbines from aerospace to, oil and gas, chemical plants and in nuclear applications [7]. It is not uncommon for nickel superalloys to experience operating temperatures of between 150 and 1500°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A performance comparison of additive manufactured creep-resistant superalloys

James

Ganguly

Pardal

2023

Science and Technology of Welding and Joining

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Creep-resistant nickel, cobalt based superalloys, selected for a high-speed flight application, deposited using Wire + Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM), was reported. Three different alloys, Haynes 188, Inconel 718, and Rene 41, were deposited, and tested for their hightemperature tensile properties, and the results compared with wrought data. The alloys were tested from ambient temperature to 1000°C in their as-deposited condition and after undergoing industry standard age-hardening and solutionising heat-treatments, to down select the best performing alloy under two different processing conditions. The mechanical strength of the alloys fell short of the maximum achievable in wrought condition. Precipitation-strengthened alloys, Inconel 718 and Rene 41 were found to have underperformed the most significantly, whereas solid-solution-strengthened Haynes 188 suffered the least due to WAAM.

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Wire and arc additive manufacturing of 316L stainless steel/Inconel 625 functionally graded material: development and characterization

Cited by 131 publications

References 29 publications

Non-transferring arc and wire additive manufacturing: microstructure, mechanical properties and bulk texture evolution of deposits

Non-transferring arc and wire additive manufacturing: microstructure, mechanical properties and bulk texture evolution of deposits

Ta/Cu transition region in TC4/Inconel718 bimetallic structure fabricated by laser deposition manufacturing

A performance comparison of additive manufactured creep-resistant superalloys

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