Wirkungsmechanismus des systemischen Fungicids Carboxin

Lyr, H.; Ritter, G.; Casperson, G.

doi:10.1002/jobm.19720120402

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In experiments by Mathre (15), on the other hand, 02 uptake by mitochondria from the same fungus was completely insensitive to carboxin when re-duced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) was supplied, but very strong inhibition was obtained with succinate as the substrate. The same observation was made by Lyr (12) working with a different fungus.…”

supporting

confidence: 71%

“…In experiments with "4C-labeled carboxin, Mathre (13) found good correlation between carboxin sensitivity of various species of fungi and uptake of the fungicide by the fungal cells. Although Lyr (11,12) does not accept this correlation, the possibility existed that in U. maydis the oxr mutation might increase resistance to a given extemal concentration of carboxin by reducing cell membrane permea- bility to the toxic molecule. To test this hypothesis, it was necessary to study carboxin sensitivity in vitro by measuring the activity of succinic dehydrogenase, the enzyme system reported to be affected by the toxicant in wildtype U. maydis (4,15,24).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Evidence for the Action of Oxathiin and Thiazole Derivatives on the Succinic Dehydrogenase System of Ustilago maydis Mitochondria

1972

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The inhibitory effect of fungitoxic derivatives of 1, 4-oxathiin on substrate oxidation by the basidiomycete Ustilago maydis is diminished by a single-gene mutation (oxr). The difference between mutant and wild type is approximately the same on the basis of inhibition of either growth and operation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in intact cells or succinate-driven reduction of ferricyanide by mitochondrial preparations. The mutation affects the behavior of the succinic dehydrogenase system of mitochondria not only in the presence but also in the absence of the toxicant, from which it is concluded that some component of the system itself has been modified. The malonate and the antimycin A sensitivity of the oxr mutant is similar to that of the wild type but cross-resistance to thiazole derivatives is easily demonstrated.

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supporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Evidence for the Action of Oxathiin and Thiazole Derivatives on the Succinic Dehydrogenase System of Ustilago maydis Mitochondria

1972

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“…Carboxin and thiram, probably due to their different mechanism of action, did not induce any appreciable modification of the antagonists’ morphology. Carboxin does not affect the plasmalemma, but damages the mitochondrial system and the vacuolar membrane (Lyr et al., 1972) and thiram does not have any effect on the membrane permeability (Yoshida et al., 1990). Variable fungal responses to carboxin and thiram were also shown by other authors (Kay and Stewart, 1994; Dubey and Patel, 2001; Kumar and Dubey, 2001, 2002; Sharma et al., 2001; De et al., 2003; Singh and Singh, 2003; Tewari et al., 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of Clonostachys rosea and Trichoderma spp. as Potential Biocontrol Agents to Pesticides

Roberti¹,

Badiali²,

Pisi³

et al. 2006

Journal of Phytopathology

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Clonostachys rosea 47 (CR47), Trichoderma atroviride 59 (TA59), T. atroviride 312 (TA312), Trichoderma harzianum 24 (TH24), Trichoderma longibrachiatum 9 (TL9), T. longibrachiatum 144 (TL144) and Trichoderma viride 15 (TV15) were tested to evaluate their in vitro sensitivity towards five fungicides (carboxin, guazatine, prochloraz, thiram and triticonazole) and four herbicides (chlorsulfuron, chlorotoluron, flufenacet and pendimethalin). All antagonists showed low sensitivity to carboxin and thiram and high sensitivity to prochloraz. For mycelial radial growth, TV15 was highly sensitive to guazatine, prochloraz and triticonazole and TH24 moderately insensitive to carboxin, guazatine and thiram. For conidial germination TL144 was the most sensitive to the fungicides, for mycelial radial growth and conidial germination CR47 was the least sensitive. None of the antagonists showed any mycelial radial growth inhibition in presence of the herbicides at field dose, except for TL144. Most antagonists did not show any conidial germination inhibition by the herbicides. The in vitro toxicity of prochloraz, guazatine and triticonazole towards the antagonists was confirmed by light and scanning electron microscope showing hyphal disruptions and extrusion of cytoplasmic content. A mixture of CR47 and/or TA312 with carboxin, thiram and triticonazole, applied to wheat seeds, was able to control Fusarium culmorum artificially inoculated to wheat seedlings in growth chambers. In the field, the antagonists applied along with triticonazole or thiram, at 1/10 of the field dose to seeds naturally infected by F. culmorum, gave a disease control comparable to that induced by triticonazole at full field dose. Our results demonstrate how an integration of microorganisms with pesticides makes the control of wheat foot rot possible.

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Gefrierätzung an den Hefen Saccharomyces, Torulopsis und Rhodotorula

Casperson¹,

Purz²

1974

J of Basic Microbiology

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Saccharomyces fragilis (ascomycetous yeast), Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (basidiomycetous yeast), Torulopsis candida (asporogenous yeast) show distinct differences in the ultrastructure of the cell wall and the plasmalemma, but do not differ in the ultrastructure of the cell organelles. It is referred to the possibility of artefacts occurring by phase separations and translocations during freezing process as well as by molecule deformations during the freeze fracture.

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Wirkungsmechanismus des systemischen Fungicids Carboxin

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Genetic Evidence for the Action of Oxathiin and Thiazole Derivatives on the Succinic Dehydrogenase System of Ustilago maydis Mitochondria

Genetic Evidence for the Action of Oxathiin and Thiazole Derivatives on the Succinic Dehydrogenase System of Ustilago maydis Mitochondria

Sensitivity of Clonostachys rosea and Trichoderma spp. as Potential Biocontrol Agents to Pesticides

Gefrierätzung an den Hefen Saccharomyces, Torulopsis und Rhodotorula

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