Witnessing and mirroring: A fourteen stage model of transsexual identity formation

Devor, Aaron

doi:10.1080/19359705.2004.9962366

Cited by 137 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In the tradition of Cass (1979), who created a model of gay identity formation, Devor (2004) proposed a normalizing, 14-stage model of transsexual identity formation. Like an earlier generation of gay activists who turned to scientific findings to support their movements normalizing arguments, trans writers do so as well:…”

Section: Parallels In Arguments For Diagnostic Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Queer Diagnoses: Parallels and Contrasts in the History of Homosexuality, Gender Variance, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual

2009

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The American Psychiatric Association (APA) is in the process of revising its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM), with the DSM-V having an anticipated publication date of 2012. As part of that ongoing process, in May 2008, APA announced its appointment of the Work Group on Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders (WGSGID). The announcement generated a flurry of concerned and anxious responses in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community, mostly focused on the status of the diagnostic categories of Gender Identity Disorder (GID) (for both children and adolescents and adults). Activists argued, as in the case of homosexuality in the 1970s, that it is wrong to label expressions of gender variance as symptoms of a mental disorder and that perpetuating DSM-IV-TR's GID diagnoses in the DSM-V would further stigmatize and cause harm to transgender individuals. Other advocates in the trans community expressed concern that deleting GID would lead to denying medical and surgical care for transgender adults. This review explores how criticisms of the existing GID diagnoses parallel and contrast with earlier historical events that led APA to remove homosexuality from the DSM in 1973. It begins with a brief introduction to binary formulations that lead not only to linkages of sexual orientation and gender identity, but also to scientific and clinical etiological theories that implicitly moralize about matters of sexuality and gender. Next is a review of the history of how homosexuality came to be removed from the DSM-II in 1973 and how, not long thereafter, the GID diagnoses found their way into DSM-III in 1980. Similarities and differences in the relationships of homosexuality and gender identity to psychiatric and medical thinking are elucidated. Following a discussion of these issues, the author recommends changes in the DSM-V and some internal and public actions that the American Psychiatric Association should take.

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Section: Parallels In Arguments For Diagnostic Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Queer Diagnoses: Parallels and Contrasts in the History of Homosexuality, Gender Variance, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual

2009

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“…Alex's concept of "echoes" can also be seen as similar to Devor's, (2004) concept of mirroring; that having something of herself being reflected back to her from another was experienced as validating and supportive.…”

Section: Others Like Mementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alex spoke about "witnessing", a process that Devor, (2004) details in his model of identity development. Alex's concept of "echoes" can also be seen as similar to Devor's, (2004) concept of mirroring; that having something of herself being reflected back to her from another was experienced as validating and supportive.…”

Section: Others Like Mementioning

confidence: 99%

Transitioning together: a narrative analysis of the support accessed by partners of trans people

Twist

Barker

Nel

et al. 2017

Sexual and Relationship Therapy

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“…It is well known that pride is considered one of the final stages in identity models (e.g., Cass, 1979;Devor, 2004) and is an emotional reaction to shame (McDermott, Roen, & Scourfield, 2008). Pride also has interesting considerations related to gender expectations of emotionality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans as Bodily Becoming: Rethinking the Biological as Diversity, Not Dichotomy

Lane¹

2008

Hypatia

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The current study used grounded theory methods to analyze trans men's positive emotions. The sample included 11 participants who were assigned a female sex at birth and currently identify with a binary male identity. Results yielded eight positive emotion themes emerging for trans men, which included the following: confidence, comfort, connection, feeling alive, amazement, pride, happiness, and interpersonal reactionary emotions. Participants reported specific gender experiences within these themes, including a sense of brotherhood, excitement related to taking testosterone, authentic pride in identifying as a man, and happiness connected to others using correct gender language (e.g., pronouns, family labels, greetings). A theoretical model from the eight themes and 39 higher order categories emerged, indicating the importance of initial internal emotions, confidence related to trans men's identity processes, and the ways in which positive interpersonal interactions affect positive emotions. Implications include using emotion-focused therapy and including more positivity into trans individuals' experiences and emotions.

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Witnessing and mirroring: A fourteen stage model of transsexual identity formation

Cited by 137 publications

References 14 publications

Queer Diagnoses: Parallels and Contrasts in the History of Homosexuality, Gender Variance, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual

Queer Diagnoses: Parallels and Contrasts in the History of Homosexuality, Gender Variance, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual

Transitioning together: a narrative analysis of the support accessed by partners of trans people

Trans as Bodily Becoming: Rethinking the Biological as Diversity, Not Dichotomy

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