Wooden Truss Analysis, Preservation Strategies, and Digital Documentation through Parametric 3D Modeling and HBIM Workflow

Abstract

The main focus of this paper is the most recent phase of a large research project that has studied several wooden roof structures in the area of Bologna, belonging to a set of important historical buildings, all dating back to the 16th and 18th centuries. In particular, the behavior of the wooden trusses that support pitched roofs is analyzed, according to a methodological approach, based on generative algorithms that can help researchers and technicians to improve the comprehension of wooden structures’ behavior during their entire lifespan. While all the previous case studies concerned churches, this latest step extends the survey to the roofing system of the Municipal Theater of Bologna, which has a span of approximately 25 m. The core of the process concerns the automatic transformation of the point cloud into 3D models using parametric modeling tools, such as Grasshopper generative algorithms. Following this workflow, it is possible to speed up the creation of different truss models by changing only a few input parameters. This updating of the research protocol automatically creates a Building Information Modeling (BIM) model and a calculation model for the wooden trusses to perform a structural stress analysis by linking Grasshopper tools with Dynamo-Revit features. The procedure that has been developed from previous studies is still evolving and aims to speed up the modeling procedure and introduce new tools and methods for interpreting the functioning of these structural elements when surveyed through terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) devices.

Automated Reconstruction of Parametric BIM for Bridge Based on Terrestrial Laser Scanning Data

“…e BIM modeling software Revit is utilized to complete the parametric creation of the points, lines, and volumes, as shown in Figure 13. Given that the reconstructed model is created in Revit, it supports parameter adjustment and material property assignment, thereby addressing the limitations of current reconstruction methods and realizing the theoretical transformation from a point cloud to BIM [44,45].…”

Plan-Design, Construction, Performance, and Renovation Criteria for Sustainable Buildings: Data Review

“…[ 79,91] Engineered trusses Engineered trusses are truly a sustainable roofing system due to their low weight, which refers to the decrease of material usage and high performance with the adequate design of the trusses. [17,92] Parallel chord trusses Parallel chord trusses maximize the interior spaces because the top and bottom chords are parallel to one another; the roof slope and cathedral ceiling are both the same angle in these homes. [17,93] Scissor trusses Scissor trusses produce a finished cathedral ceiling which is half the pitch of the roof.…”

Advances in the Restoration of Buildings with LIDAR Technology and 3D Reconstruction: Forged and Vaults of the Refectory of Santo Domingo de Orihuela (16th Century)

“…However, metric and visual information is necessary to determine the definition of the existing constructive elements: orthogonal graphic views (plans, elevations, and sections), as well as volumetric perspectives are essential for the initial constructive analyses, and for future intervention and maintenance projects. For this reason, and in order to complete the graphic information, it is necessary to complete the data collection during the restoration work in order to document the geometry and construction systems of the building with reliable and quality results [11][12][13][14][15] (Figure 2).…”