Wool: Structure, Properties, and Processing

Rippon, John A.; Christoe, J. R.; Denning, Ron; Evans, David J.; Huson, Mickey G.; Lamb, Peter R.; Millington, Keith R.; Pierlot, Anthony P.

doi:10.1002/0471440264.pst402.pub2

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The re-combed and shrink-resist treated wool roving was utilized for preparing multiples of staple yarns (AgResearch Ltd.), the specifications of which are presented in Table 1. The physical and mechanical properties of wool fibers are influenced by their moisture regain and temperature, 24 which relate to the ambient temperature and relative humidity. In order to influence the performance of wool fibers during yarn formation, as well as the properties of resultant yarns, all roving were conditioned before spinning for about 24 h at the standard environment of 20AE2 C and 65AE2% relative humidity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A relative hairiness index for evaluating the securities of fiber ends in staple yarns and its application

Huang

Tao

Yin

et al. 2021

Textile Research Journal

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Hairiness is a prominent property of staple yarns, but the existing evaluation parameters mainly describe the fiber ends already protruding out of yarn bodies. The potential fiber ends in yarns also play a crucial role in the performance of yarns in the subsequent processes and the resultant fabric quality. In our previous studies, maximum hairiness and its theoretical model have been proposed, which indicate the maximum fiber ends of a staple yarn having the potential to protrude out of yarn bodies and become hairy. On this basis, the relative hairiness index (RHI) is developed in this study to evaluate the fiber end tucking and securities of yarns. This index is treated as a ratio of the measured hairiness of sample yarns and the maximum hairiness of ring yarns in the same twist level and yarn count. A lower RHI indicates more fiber ends being tucked into yarn bodies, and a slower increment of the RHI with the increasing winding times represents more stable securities of fiber ends in yarns. The experimental results demonstrate that the RHI can directly reveal the effectiveness of different spinning parameters and methods in tucking and securing fiber ends; also, the changes of the RHI with increasing winding times visually present the stableness of fiber ends in various yarns experiencing abrasion, as well as predict the possibility of the potential fiber ends being pulled out to form hairiness during successive processes. The proposed RHI, therefore, provides a significant reference for the spinning process design and yarn quality control.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A relative hairiness index for evaluating the securities of fiber ends in staple yarns and its application

Huang

Tao

Yin

et al. 2021

Textile Research Journal

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“…The building keratin units are made up of 20 amino acids. However, complete acid hydrolysis of wool yields a mixture containing only 18 amino acids, because during acid hydrolysis asparagine and glutamine are converted to the corresponding acids [6,7].…”

Section: Keratin Structure In Briefmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Modifications of Sheep Wool Usable in Non-Textile Applications

Braniša,

Koóšová,

Porubská

2024

Polymers

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The traditional textile use of wool as a valuable renewable material needs alternative applications in order to, besides sheep milk and meat, valorize currently unnecessary wool. Each type of product containing sheep wool requires wool with customized properties. Finding suitable physical and chemical modifications needed to develop new products while minimizing harmful side effects is a challenge for scientists. The presented review provides a brief overview of works published over the last decade associated with innovative wool scouring, dyeing, antifelting, and modification of its structure without the ambition to present complete, detailed data.

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“…Ґрунтовні знання щодо структури вовни, її хімічного складу та фізичних властивостей слугуватиме базою для подальшого розширення й поглиблення цієї проблематики. Це збагатить теоретичну основу практичного вівчарства у плані повноцінної реалізації генетичного потенціалу овець у продукуванні більшої кількості високоякісної вовни (Rippon, 2003).…”

Section: вступunclassified

Sulfur and Cystine Content in Various Sheep Wool Breeds and Their Correlation with Wool Growth and Strength

Tkachuk,

Ohorodnyk,

Motko

2023

SMLNUVMBA

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This scholarly article presents a comprehensive analysis of sulfur and cystine content in the wool of various sheep breeds, with a particular focus on their relationship with wool growth and strength. The breeds under scrutiny include the Askanian fine-wool, Prekos, Latvian dark-headed, Ukrainian Carpathian mountain, and Karakul breeds. Our research revolves around wool samples extracted from the scapula area before the spring shearing process. Our findings reveal that the highest sulfur content is observed in the wool of Karakul sheep (3.05 %) and Prekos sheep (2.90 %), whereas the lowest sulfur content is noted in Latvian dark-headed sheep (2.65 %). Conversely, the highest cystine content is exhibited in the wool of Askanian fine-wool sheep (11.87 %) and Prekos sheep (11.46 %), while the lowest cystine content characterizes the wool of Karakul sheep (8.99 %) and the Latvian dark-headed breed (10.10 %). The genetic factors, specifically breed-specific characteristics, impact on the rate of wool growth. The most rapid growth rates are observed in Karakul sheep (873 mg/cm/day) and Askanian fine-wool sheep (857 mg/cm/day). Slightly lower growth rates are noted in Prekos breed sheep (844 mg/cm/day) and Ukrainian Carpathian mountain breed sheep (766 mg/cm/day). The lowest growth rates are recorded in Latvian dark-headed sheep (742 mg/cm/day). Furthermore, we establish that the highest tensile strength values are associated with the coarse wool of Karakul sheep (9.6 cN/tex) and the semi-coarse wool of Ukrainian Carpathian mountain sheep (9.3 cN/tex), as these fibers possess the thickest cuticular layer. Conversely, the lowest tensile strength values are observed in the wool of Latvian dark-headed sheep (7.0 cN/tex) and Prekos breed (7.1 cN/tex). An examination of the data reveals that there is no statistically significant correlation between the content of sulfur and cystine and the rate of wool growth. However, a robust direct correlational relationship is identified between the sulfur content and fiber strength (with correlation coefficients of r = 0.831 for Karakul breed sheep wool, 0.713 for Latvian dark-headed, 0.698 for Ukrainian Carpathian mountain, 0.544 for Askanian fine-wool, and 0.460 for Prekos breed wool).

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Wool: Structure, Properties, and Processing

Cited by 11 publications

References 95 publications

A relative hairiness index for evaluating the securities of fiber ends in staple yarns and its application

A relative hairiness index for evaluating the securities of fiber ends in staple yarns and its application

Selective Modifications of Sheep Wool Usable in Non-Textile Applications

Sulfur and Cystine Content in Various Sheep Wool Breeds and Their Correlation with Wool Growth and Strength

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