Work and Family Stress is Associated with Menstrual Disorders but not with Fibrocystic Changes: Cross‐sectional Findings in Chinese Working Women

Abstract

Work and Family Stress is Associated with Menstrual Disorders but not with FibrocysticChanges: Cross-sectional Findings in Chinese Working Women: Mei ZHOU, et al. School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, ChinaObjectives: To explore the separate and combined effects of work and family stress on menstrual disorders and fibrocystic changes in Chinese working women. Methods: Data were obtained from a cross-sectional study of 1,642 female railway workers. The EffortReward Imbalance Questionnaire and Family Stress Scale were used to measure work stress and family stress, respectively; the menstrual and breast conditions were evaluated by gynecologic interview and a medical examination. Multivariate log-binomial regression was performed to analyze the associations. Results: Menstrual disorders were found in 59.3% of female workers, and 54.8% had fibrocystic changes. The risk of menstrual disorders was significantly elevated with respect to work and family stress. The highest risk was found in the group with combined exposure to both work and family stress (RR with 95% CI 1.33 (1.18-1.49)). No significant association between stress and fibrocystic changes was observed. Conclusions: Menstrual disorders were associated with stress from work and family life, but not fibrocystic changes, in working women. Tailored intervention measures reducing the burden of stressful psychosocial work and family environment are needed to improve women's reproductive well-being. (J Occup Health 2010; 52: 361-366)

Validation of a Short Measure of Effort‐Reward Imbalance in the Workplace: Evidence from China

“…As several of these conditions are included in the ERI model, application of this model to the Chinese working population has been well justified 11) . Our previous research in China has identified effort-reward imbalance at work as one significant risk of cardiovascular diseases 12,13) , musculoskeletal disorders 14) , reproductive hazards 15) , mental distress 16) , impaired health functioning 17) , and professional turnover 18) . The original ERI questionnaire is based on 23 items 19) .…”

Hubungan Stres Kerja Dengan Menstruasi Abnormal Pekerja Konveksi Desa Pegandon Pekalongan

“…Ketegangan tersebut membuat pekerja memberikan tanggapan yang melebihi kemampuan penyesuaian terhadap stressor di tempat kerja (Harianto, 2008 Sebuah penelitian yang dilakukan pada pekerja wanita di Tiongkok tahun 2010 menyebutkan bahwa, sebanyak 59,3% karyawan mengalami gangguan menstruasi yang berhunbungan dengan stres kerja (Zhou, 2010 …”

“…Penelttian sebelumnya oleh Mulastin (2011) pada pekerja wanita di Desa Palemkerep Jepara menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa ada hubungan secara bermaknaantara stress kerja dengan menstruasi (α= 0,05, ρ= 0,00). Zhou (2010) dalam penelitiannya pada pekerja wanita di Tiongkok juga menyimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara stres kerja dengan menstruasi (α= 0,05, ρ= 0,01).…”

Effort–reward Imbalance at Work, Parental Support, and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study from Chinese Dual-earner Families

“…Accordingly, China offers a special case for this research, compared with their spouses, Chinese mothers play the primary role of homemakers; at the same time they are additionally exposed to pressure from work [24], [25]. This combined workload has been shown to increase the burden of Chinese women's work-related disease [26], [27].…”

“…A psychometrically validated questionnaire measuring effort–reward imbalance at work in Chinese language has been developed [31]. Following the predictive utility of this measure in previous epidemiologic studies in China [27], [32], we included a test of this model in the present study.…”