“…Thus local unions, local chambers of commerce, local venture capital, local education bodies, local research centers and local states may enter into arrangements to regenerate the local economy. (Jessop 1994: 272) This is a precise description of what we in this article, along with Ennals and Gustavsen (1999a), have called regional development coalitions, and which we regard as being of strategic importance for the formation of learning regions. Thus, from a Scandinavian point of view public-private partnerships, as an example of de-statization of politics, does contain some potential progressive elements of a policy of job-generating growth in Europe, and could, consequently, rather be said to represent a continuity of 'modernizing' socialdemocratic welfare states than the discontinuity of being a basic element of a Schumpeterian workfare state (Amin and Thomas 1996;Hernes 1978;Jessop 1994).…”