WORK PHYSIOLOGY, The Current Application of Maximal Treadmill Stress Testing

Kemp, George L.; Ellstad, Myrvin H.

doi:10.1097/00043764-196902000-00037

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“…The participants underwent a symptom-limited treadmill exercise test according to the Ellestad protocol. 13 The criteria for interruption of the exercise were physical exhaustion or exceeding the maximum heart rate predicted for the patient’s age. Individuals were encouraged to exercise until they experienced limiting symptoms, even if 85% of maximum predicted heart rate was achieved.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-related associations of genetic polymorphisms of α-adrenergic receptors, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and bradykinin B2 receptor with treadmill exercise test responses

et al. 2014

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BackgroundTreadmill exercise test responses have been associated with cardiovascular prognosis in individuals without overt heart disease. Neurohumoral and nitric oxide responses may influence cardiovascular performance during exercise testing. Therefore, we evaluated associations between functional genetic polymorphisms of α-adrenergic receptors, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, bradykinin receptor B2 and treadmill exercise test responses in men and women without overt heart disease.MethodsWe enrolled 766 (417 women; 349 men) individuals without established heart disease from a check-up programme at the Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School. Exercise capacity, chronotropic reserve, maximum heart-rate achieved, heart-rate recovery, exercise systolic blood pressure (SBP), exercise diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and SBP recovery were assessed during exercise testing. Genotypes for the α-adrenergic receptors ADRA1A Arg347Cys (rs1048101), ADRA2A 1780 C>T (rs553668), ADRA2B Del 301–303 (rs28365031), endothelial nitric synthase (eNOS) 786 T>C (rs2070744), eNOS Glu298Asp (rs1799983) and BK2R (rs5810761) polymorphisms were assessed by PCR and high-resolution melting analysis.ResultsMaximum SBP was associated with ADRA1A rs1048101 (p=0.008) and BK2R rs5810761 (p=0.008) polymorphisms in men and ADRA2A rs553668 (p=0.008) and ADRA2B rs28365031 (p=0.022) in women. Maximum DBP pressure was associated with ADRA2A rs553668 (p=0.002) and eNOS rs1799983 (p=0.015) polymorphisms in women. Exercise capacity was associated with eNOS rs2070744 polymorphisms in women (p=0.01) and with eNOS rs1799983 in men and women (p=0.038 and p=0.024).ConclusionsThe findings suggest that genetic variants of α-adrenergic receptors and bradykinin B2 receptor may be involved with blood pressure responses during exercise tests. Genetic variants of endothelial nitric oxide synthase may be involved with exercise capacity and blood pressure responses during exercise tests. These responses may be gender-related.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-related associations of genetic polymorphisms of α-adrenergic receptors, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and bradykinin B2 receptor with treadmill exercise test responses

et al. 2014

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“…However, if one is interested in cardiorespiratory response to exercise stress in subjects varying widely in age and fitness, as well as in patients with cardiovascular disease, multistage tests involving progressive increments in workload have several advantages (Dill, 1963;Kemp & Ellestad, 1967).…”

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Multistage Treadmill Walking Performance and Associated Cardiorespiratory Responses of Middle-Aged Men

1972

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1. Eighty apparently healthy sedentary males, aged 31-69 years, undertook a multistage treadmill walking test that was terminated at maximum tolerable effort.2. An electrocardiogram (ECG), blood pressures and respiratory metabolism measures were taken at rest, during the walk and for 15 min post-exercise. The mean values for four age groups of twenty subjects each were analysed statistically.3. A near rectilinear decrease in walk-time and maximum oxygen uptake ( VO~,,,,,~.)(ml m i d kg-') with advancing age was observed. A difference in VO~,,,,,~. of 26.5% between the oldest and youngest groups was decreased to 17.7% when expressed in ml min-lkg-' of lean body weight (LBW). Heart rate (HR) and pulmonary ventilation ( VE) at maximum tolerable effort also declined with age. 4. There were no age-related differences in VE and HR during submaximal work, whereas significant differences in Po2 were observed only during early stages. 5. It was concluded that the decline in maximum performance with age was not due to differences in the efficiency of aerobic energy utilization but to factors limiting energy production.6. Prediction of walk-time utilizing anthropometric, resting and submaximal work, measurements proved unsatisfactory. Although an r value of -0.69 between age and walk-time was obtained, V O~, , ,~~. and walk-time yielded an r or 0.93, thus indicating that chronological age alone was not adequate to assess work capacity.

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WORK PHYSIOLOGY, The Current Application of Maximal Treadmill Stress Testing

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Gender-related associations of genetic polymorphisms of α-adrenergic receptors, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and bradykinin B2 receptor with treadmill exercise test responses

Gender-related associations of genetic polymorphisms of α-adrenergic receptors, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and bradykinin B2 receptor with treadmill exercise test responses

Multistage Treadmill Walking Performance and Associated Cardiorespiratory Responses of Middle-Aged Men

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