Working With a Linguistic Corpus Using R: An Introductory Note With Indonesian Negating Construction

Abstract

This paper demonstrates the use of R for a unified data science in corpus linguistics via a series of corpus-based analyses on Indonesian Negating Construction. The data is based on c17-million word-tokens of an online-news corpus, a part of the Indonesian Leipzig Corpora. We identified that tidak is the most frequent form in our corpus. Next, we found that tak has significantly higher type frequency for negated-predicates with [ter-X-kan] schema compared to tidak; this finding provides a quantitative nuance against a description in an Indonesian reference grammar, stating that (i) in present-day Indonesian tidak is also common to negate ter- related predicates, while (ii) the compulsoriness of tak to negate ter- predicates is a past usage. Lastly, we refine our second finding by applying Distinctive Collexeme Analysis to determine that tak strongly attracts specific verbs predominantly in the [ter-X-kan] schema compared to tidak; this finding offers a deeper characterisation for tidak and tak.

Exploring metaphorical conceptualizations of ENVY in English and Chinese: A multifactorial corpus analysis

“…Conceptualizations of human emotions have been a research topic of great interest in linguistics, for there have been many studies on various emotion concepts, such as ANGER (Glynn, 2014;Kahumburu, 2016;Yu, 1995), FEAR (Caballero & Díaz-Vera, 2021;Oster, 2010Oster, , 2012, HAPPINESS (Nguyen, 2016;Rajeg, 2019;Stefanowitsch, 2004), JEALOUSY (Díaz-Vera & Caballero, 2013;Ogarkova, 2007), LOVE (Gawda, 2019;Glynn, 2002), PRIDE (Soares da Silva, 2020), SADNESS (Verdaguer & Castaño, 2018), and SHAME (Krawczak, 2014a(Krawczak, , 2014b(Krawczak, , 2018. These studies have revealed that, in contemporary language use, human emotions are often understood or conceptualized in metaphorical terms (e.g.…”

“…These studies have revealed that, in contemporary language use, human emotions are often understood or conceptualized in metaphorical terms (e.g. Díaz-Vera & Caballero, 2013;Kahumburu, 2016;Ogarkova, 2007;Rajeg, 2019). Their findings highlight the importance of metaphor in human thought and language, although, in historical language use, expressions of emotions have been found to be largely literal in some research (e.g.…”