Working with Natural Cohesive Sediments

Black, K. S.; Tolhurst, T.J.; Paterson, David M.; Hagerthey, Scot E.

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2002)128:1(2)

Cited by 223 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

146

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Overall understanding of cohesive sediment resuspension is incomplete because it is governed by not only hydrodynamic forces and the force of gravity, but also by cohesion, which depends on biological and electrochemical variables (Black et al 2002, Droppo et al 2007). The highly organic nature of aquaculture wastes endows them with cohesive properties, which could significantly impact their erodibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erodibility of aquaculture waste from different bottom substrates

Law¹,

Hill²,

Milligan³

et al. 2016

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A laboratory study was carried out to examine the effect of bed sediment texture on the erodibility of salmon aquaculture waste fecal material and salmon feed pellets. Erodibility measurements of this material were made using a Gust microcosm erosion chamber and artificially composed substrates of mud, sand, sand and gravel, sand and cobble, and cobble. Results show that cumulative mass eroded (CME) and erodibility constant (M) can vary by up to an order of magnitude depending on substrate composition, with a mud substrate having higher CME and M values than those of substrates composed of sand, gravel and cobble. Findings from this study suggest that bottom sediment texture plays a major role in aquaculture waste resuspension and subsequent transport and that predictive models of the transport of aquaculture waste should include the erosion dynamics of bottom texture.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erodibility of aquaculture waste from different bottom substrates

Law¹,

Hill²,

Milligan³

et al. 2016

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The outcome is reasonably repeatable, even with the addition of a mineral proxy (kaolin) for the cohesive fraction (Paterson and Black 1999). However, in nature, few of these conditions apply (Black et al 2002) and therefore the predictions are often inaccurate. Not only does the temperature and viscosity of the medium vary (salinity), even rainfall on the surface of exposed intertidal flats alters the bed response to erosion (Tolhurst et al 2006).…”

Section: How To Develop Laboratory Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Efforts to answer this question have been accelerating since the early work of Manzenrieder (1983), showing that cohesive natural sediments did not conform to the predictions of the Shields curve (Black et al 2002;Tolhurst et al 2009). While engineers and biologists approached this issue in a variety of ways, a growing body of evidence has gathered in the literature to support the conclusion that the influence of biology is largely through bioturbation and biological sediment cohesion-the former has a destabilising effect, while the latter stabilises surface sediments (e.g.…”

Section: Is Sediment Biostabilisation Important?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While individual bacterial and microalgae cells are unlikely to have significant measurable effect on the behaviour of the whole system, once conditions are suitable, cells proliferate rapidly and grow in concert (e.g. Black et al 2002). Thereby, biofilm growth is mutually dependent on a variety of abiotic and biotic conditions (reviewed in to eventually change sediment characteristics (Lubarsky et al 2010, Chen et al 2017.…”

Section: Is Sediment Biostabilisation Important?mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Form, function and physics: the ecology of biogenic stabilisation

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The objective of this work is to better understand the role that biological mediation plays in the behaviour of fine sediments. This research is supported by developments in ecological theory recognising organisms as Becosystem engineers^and associated discussion of Bniche construction^, suggesting an evolutionary role for habitat modification by biological action. In addition, there is acknowledgement from engineering disciplines that something is missing from fine sediment transport predictions. Materials and methods Advances in technology continue to improve our ability to examine the small-scale 2D processes with large-scale effects in natural environments. Advanced molecular tools can be combined with state-of-the-art field and laboratory techniques to allow the discrimination of microbial biodiversity and the examination of their metabolic contribution to ecosystem function. This in turn can be related to highly resolved measurements and visualisation of flow dynamics. Results and discussion Recent laboratory and field work have led to a paradigm shift whereby hydraulic research has to embrace biology and biogeochemistry to unravel the highly complex issues around on fine sediment dynamics. Examples are provided illustrating traditional and more recent approaches including using multiple stressors in fully factorial designs in both the laboratory and the field to highlight the complexity of the interaction between biology and sediment dynamics in time and space. The next phase is likely to rely on advances in molecular analysis, metagenomics and metabolomics, to assess the functional role of microbial assemblages in sediment behaviour, including the nature and rate of polymer production by bacteria, the mechanism of their influence on sediment behaviour. Conclusions To fully understand how aquatic habitats will adjust to environmental change and to support the provision of various ecosystem services, we require a holistic approach. We must consider all aspects that control the distribution of sediment and the erosion-transport-deposition-consolidation cycle including biological and chemical processes, not just the physical. In particular, the role of microbial assemblages is now recognised as a significant factor deserving greater attention across disciplines.

show abstract

“…The first step is to get a profound understanding on fine sediment dynamics since potentially associated compounds couple their fate closely to this ETDC cycle. However, the behavior of small particles is largely unpredictable due to complex interactions between the sediments, hydraulics, and biology [4,5]. Despite intensive research efforts reflected in various European or international projects and networks, a general formula of the incipient motion of fine sediments is not available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Field and Laboratory Measurements to Determine the Erosion Risk of Cohesive Sediments Best

Noack

Gerbersdorf

Hillebrand

et al. 2015

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In contrast to non-cohesive sediments, the incipient motion of cohesive sediments is characterized by much more complex interactions between several sedimentary, biological, and chemical parameters. Thus, site-specific investigations are required to obtain information about the erosion stability of cohesive materials. This becomes even more relevant for contaminated sediments, stored in riverine sediments as a "burden of the past", because of their remobilization potential during flood events. This article represents a twofold measuring strategy for the detection of erosion thresholds: an in situ device for determination of critical shear stresses in the field, and a laboratory approach where sediment cores are withdrawn and subsequently analyzed over depth. The combined measuring strategy was applied in the River Elbe and at selected sites of the catchment of the River Saale. The results show a great variety of erosion thresholds over depth, demonstrating the need to conduct vertical analyses, especially when addressing buried layers with contaminations. The latter is only possible in the laboratory but the in situ device revealed clear benefits in capturing the loose flocculent layer on top of the sediment that might be easily lost during sediment retrieval and transport. Consequently, it is ideal to combine both approaches for a comprehensive insight into sediment stability. OPEN ACCESSWater 2015, 7 5062

show abstract

Working with Natural Cohesive Sediments

Cited by 223 publications

References 30 publications

Erodibility of aquaculture waste from different bottom substrates

Erodibility of aquaculture waste from different bottom substrates

Form, function and physics: the ecology of biogenic stabilisation

Combining Field and Laboratory Measurements to Determine the Erosion Risk of Cohesive Sediments Best

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About