World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (W.A.A.V.P.) guidelines for evaluating the efficacy of anthelmintics for dogs and cats

Jacobs, D. Ε.; Arakawa, Akira; Courtney, Charles H.; Gemmell, M. A.; McCall, John W.; Myers, Gary; Vanparijs, O.

doi:10.1016/0304-4017(94)90110-4

Cited by 125 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Investigations were conducted in accordance with VICH Guideline 9 "Good Clinical Practice" (July 2001) and the recommendations given in VICH Guideline 7 "Efficacy of anthelmintics: general requirements" (December 2000), VICH Guideline 19 "Efficacy of anthelmintics: Specific Recommendations for Canine" (July 2002) and the WAAVP guidelines for evaluating the efficacy of anthelmintics for dogs and cats (Jacobs et al 1994) were followed. Since these guidelines do not include any specific recommendations for D. repens, the infection protocol was based on scientific knowledge and experience from previous experimental studies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Adulticidal Efficacy of Imidacloprid 10 %/Moxidectin 2.5 % (w/v) Spot-on (Advocate®, Advantage® Multi) against Dirofilaria repens in Experimentally Infected Dogs

Petry

Genchi

Schmidt³

et al. 2015

Parasitol Res

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This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of imidacloprid 10 %/moxidectin 2.5 % (w/v) spot-on (Advocate ® /Advantage ® Multi, Bayer) against adult Dirofilaria repens in a blinded, placebocontrolled randomised laboratory study. Twentyfour Beagle dogs were experimentally infected with approximately 75 infective D. repens larvae each on study day (SD) 0. Treatment was initiated on SD 228 after patency had been confirmed in 21 dogs, using a modified Knott Test. Eleven dogs received monthly treatments with imidacloprid/moxidectin at the minimum therapeutic dose (10 mg/kg imidacloprid and 2.5 mg/kg moxidectin) for six consecutive months and 12 control dogs were treated with a placebo formulation.Approximately one month after the last treatment, all dogs were euthanised and necropsied for the detection of D. repens worms. Eleven control dogs harboured live adult D. repens (range 2-11, geometric mean 5.44). Eight of 11 imidacloprid/moxidectin-treated dogs were free of live worms. The live worm count was reduced by 96.2 % (range 0-1, geometric mean 0.21). The majority of dead worms were encapsulated and degenerated. After the first treatment, Knott Tests were negative in all imidacloprid/moxidectin-treated dogs and this status was maintained in 10 dogs until study end. One dog showed a low microfilariae count (1 and 4/mL) on four occasions but was also negative before necropsy. The treatment was well tolerated by all study animals. It is concluded that six consecutive

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Adulticidal Efficacy of Imidacloprid 10 %/Moxidectin 2.5 % (w/v) Spot-on (Advocate®, Advantage® Multi) against Dirofilaria repens in Experimentally Infected Dogs

Petry

Genchi

Schmidt³

et al. 2015

Parasitol Res

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“…The three studies were conducted according to the VICH guidelines 9 ("Good Clinical Practice", July 2000), 7 ("Efficacy requirements for anthelmintics: overall guidelines", December 2000) and 19 ("Efficacy of anthelmintics: specific recommendations for canines", July 2001) and the WAAVP guideline for evaluating the efficacy of anthelmintics in dogs and cats (Jacobs et al 1994) as applicable. The first two studies were conducted in parallel to evaluate the efficacy against patent nematode (study no.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Evaluations of the Efficacy and Safety of Emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox® Oral Suspension for Dogs) against Naturally Acquired Nematode and Isospora spp. Infections in Dogs

Altreuther

Gasda

Adler³

et al. 2011

Parasitol Res

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Three controlled, blinded and randomised multicentre field studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of a new formulation containing emodepside plus toltrazuril (Procox ® suspension for dogs) against naturally acquired parasite infections in dogs. In two studies dogs positive for gastrointestinal nematodes and/or Isospora spp. were treated with emodepside/ toltrazuril suspension (at least 0.45 mg emodepside plus 9 mg toltrazuril per kg body weight) or a reference product containing either milbemycin oxime plus praziquantel (Milbemax ® ) or sulfadimethoxine (Kokzidiol SD ® ) at recommended dose rates. The third study investigated efficacy against prepatent natural Isospora spp. infections in comparison to an untreated control group by enrolling Isosporanegative dogs that were at risk to develop a patent infection during the study.No suspected adverse drug reactions were observed in any of the 403 dogs enrolled in the three studies including 234 dogs treated with emodepside/toltrazuril suspension. In dogs treated with emodepside/ toltrazuril suspension against nematode infection faecal egg counts were reduced by 100 % (reference product: 99.7 %). Similarly, in the dogs that had been treated against patent Isospora spp. infection, faecal oocyst counts were reduced by 100 % (reference product: 99.0 %). In both studies, statistical analysis demonstrated non-inferiority and even superiority to the reference products (p ≤ 0.009). Dogs treated with emodepside/toltrazuril suspension during suspected prepatent Isospora spp. infection had 98.7 % lower faecal oocyst counts after treatment compared to untreated dogs (p < 0.0001). The studies demonstrated that emodepside/toltrazuril suspension is safe and highly efficacious against nematodes and Isospora spp. under field conditions. S22Procox ®

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“…As no detailed guideline on vertical transmission studies exists, the study was performed in accordance with VICH guideline 9 "Good Clinical Practice" (June 2000). Furthermore the recommendations given in VICH Guideline 7 "Efficacy of anthelmintics: general requirements" (November 2000), VICH Guideline 20 "Efficacy of anthelmintics: Specific Recommendations for Felines" (June 2001) and the WAAVP guidelines for evaluating the efficacy of anthelmintics for dogs and cats (Jacobs et al 1994) were followed whenever possible. The general study design was based on experience published in the scientific literature (Coati et al 2004;Wolken et al 2009).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally the lower limit of the 95 % confidence interval was required to be greater than 10 % of the central tendency (geometric mean as all counts were > 0). Percentage efficacy of the treatment was calculated according to VICH guideline 7 and the WAAVP guideline for evaluating the efficacy of anthelmintics for dogs and cats (Jacobs et al 1994) as follows:…”

Section: Efficacy Determination and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Lactogenic Toxocara cati Infections in Kittens by Application of an Emodepside/Praziquantel Spot-on (Profender®) to the Pregnant Queen

et al. 2015

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This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an emodepside 2.1 % (w/v)/praziquantel 8.6 % (w/v) topical solution (Profender ® spot-on for cats) in the prevention of lactogenic Toxocara cati infections. A controlled test was performed with two groups of 8 cats with confirmed pregnancy. All cats were infected with daily doses of 2000 T. cati eggs for 10 consecutive days starting 50 days post conception to produce an acute infection. Treatment was performed 60 days post conception. Queens in the treatment group received the emodepside/praziquantel solution at the minimum therapeutic dose (3 mg/kg emodepside and 12 mg/kg praziquantel), while the control group was treated with a placebo spot-on. Efficacy was evaluated 56 days post partum by necropsy of one randomly selected kitten of each litter and comparison of the worm burdens between the study groups. Additionally the necropsy results were supported by quantification of worms expelled with the faeces after deworming of the remaining kittens and all queens. The treatment in late pregnancy resulted in an efficacy of 98.7 % (p < 0.0001). All necropsied control kittens were infected (geometric mean 30.6). Seven of 8 kittens from treated mothers were free of T. cati (geometric mean 0.4). Worm counts after deworming reflected the results obtained at necropsy. No side effects of the treatment were observed. It is concluded that treatment with an emodepside/praziquantel spot-on solution during late pregnancy effectively prevents lactogenic transmission of T. cati to the offspring. The study design facilitated the generation of reliable data, while at the same time a minimum number of animals was sacrificed. S176EndoparasitEs

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World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (W.A.A.V.P.) guidelines for evaluating the efficacy of anthelmintics for dogs and cats

Cited by 125 publications

References 12 publications

Evaluation of the Adulticidal Efficacy of Imidacloprid 10 %/Moxidectin 2.5 % (w/v) Spot-on (Advocate®, Advantage® Multi) against Dirofilaria repens in Experimentally Infected Dogs

Evaluation of the Adulticidal Efficacy of Imidacloprid 10 %/Moxidectin 2.5 % (w/v) Spot-on (Advocate®, Advantage® Multi) against Dirofilaria repens in Experimentally Infected Dogs

Field Evaluations of the Efficacy and Safety of Emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox® Oral Suspension for Dogs) against Naturally Acquired Nematode and Isospora spp. Infections in Dogs

Prevention of Lactogenic Toxocara cati Infections in Kittens by Application of an Emodepside/Praziquantel Spot-on (Profender®) to the Pregnant Queen

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