WORLD PCBs MAP: STORAGE AND EFFECTS IN MAN AND HIS BIOLOGIC ENVIRONMENT IN THE 1970s

Wassermann, M.; D, Wassermann; Cucos, Similica; Miller, Howard J.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1979.tb56594.x

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…Their chemical and thermal stability made them suitable for diverse industrial applications, but their resistance to metabolic degradation contributed to their persistence in the environment and their biomagnification in food chains all over the world. Despite the ban on production, sale, and import of PCBs into North America since 1978, animal and human populations are still being exposed to these compounds (2,3), even in areas far away from industrial sources, due to long-range atmospheric and oceanic transport (4,5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and placental CYP1A1 activity in Inuit women from northern Québec.

Pereg

Dewailly

Poirier

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

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Some polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners are CYP1A1 inducers, and induction of this enzyme in the placenta has been linked to adverse effects on fetal development. The objective of this study was to determine if the body burden of PCBs is related to placental CYP1A1 activity in Inuit women from Nunavik (northern Québec), a population highly exposed to organochlorines. Placenta and cord blood samples were obtained from 35 Inuit women and 30 women from a southern Québec community exposed to background levels of organochlorines. We measured PCB concentrations in all cord plasma samples and in a subset of placenta samples from the Nunavik group and assessed CYP1A1 activity (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase; EROD) in placental microsomes from all participants. Concentrations of PCBs in cord plasma were strongly correlated to those in placenta (Pearson's r) = 0.77-0.97, p < 0.001) and were on average 4-fold higher in Inuit women than in southern Québec women [for PCB 153, the geometric means (geometric SDs) were 83.3 (1.9) ng/g lipid vs. 16.9 (1.6) ng/g lipid, respectively]. Despite this difference in PCB body burden, both study groups had similar EROD activities when data were stratified according to tobacco smoking. Although simple correlation analysis first showed that placental EROD activity was correlated with PCB 153 plasma concentration in the Nunavik group, a multivariate analysis failed to demonstrate a significant contribution of PCBs to EROD activity when tobacco smoking was included in the analysis. We conclude that dietary exposure to PCBs in Inuit women from Nunavik does not significantly influence EROD activity in the placenta, implicating tobacco smoking as the major modulating factor.

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confidence: 99%

Environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and placental CYP1A1 activity in Inuit women from northern Québec.

Pereg

Dewailly

Poirier

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

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“…These unknown peaks were subsequently identified as PCBs, which raised the possibility that previously reported DDT and metabolite values may have been falsely elevated by these interfering peaks. It was quickly recognized that PCBs were present in biota on a global scale, with perhaps the highest concentrations in fish-eating birds (up to 14,000 Ilg/g) (Risebrough et al 1968, Wasserman et al 1979. Quantification of these complex mixtures was based in part on matching chlorinated biphenyl patterns to the commercial Aroclor formulations, classified on the percentage of chlorination of the biphenyl.…”

Section: "Silent Spring" and Population Level Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DDT and Other Organohalogen Pesticides in Aquatic Organisms

Beckvar¹,

Lotufo²

2011

Environmental Contaminants in Biota

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“…Commercial PCB mixtures have had wide use as coolants and lubricants. Although production was banned in 1979, PCBs continue to be a health concern because they persist in the environment (1). PCBs are classified as a priority pollutant by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and as one of the 100 most significant hazardous substances by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive toxicity of commercial PCB mixtures: LOAELs and NOAELs from animal studies.

Golub¹,

Donald²,

Reyes³

1991

Environ Health Perspect

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This paper reviews the developmental/reproductive toxicity of commercial polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixtures in animals and reports on the "no-observable-adverse-effect levels" (NOAELs) and "lowest-observable-adverse-effect levels" (LOAELs) from these studies. Identification of the lowest effective doses for reproductive toxicity of PCB mixtures is difficult because a variety of reproductive and developmental effects have been reported in several species using different commercial mixtures. Factors to be considered include sensitivity of the end point, sensitivity of species, study quality, biological plausibility, and relevance to humans. End points affected at the lowest doses (sensitive end points) included postnatal growth, development, and function. Among species for whom sensitive end points have been evaluated, a LOAEL of 0.25 mg/kg/day was identified for rodents on the basis of developmental delays in growth and behavioral function, and a LOAEL of 0.008 mg/kg/day was identified for nonhuman primates based on postnatal skin hyperpigmentation. NOAELs were not identifiable for these sensitive end points because effects were reported at the lowest doses tested.

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WORLD PCBs MAP: STORAGE AND EFFECTS IN MAN AND HIS BIOLOGIC ENVIRONMENT IN THE 1970s

Cited by 25 publications

References 165 publications

Environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and placental CYP1A1 activity in Inuit women from northern Québec.

Environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and placental CYP1A1 activity in Inuit women from northern Québec.

DDT and Other Organohalogen Pesticides in Aquatic Organisms

Reproductive toxicity of commercial PCB mixtures: LOAELs and NOAELs from animal studies.

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