World’s genetic resources of the VIR flax collection in the creation of Tomsk selection varieties

Abstract

The results of the study of 30 flax samples of different ecological and geographical origin from the collection of the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) are presented. The varieties of the Russian selection 14, Chinese 6, Ukrainian 5, French 4, Belarusian 1 have been investigated. The influence of genotypes and weather conditions on the manifestation of economic traits by multivariate analysis of variance has been established. Field studies were conducted in the sub taiga zone of the Tomsk region in 2015-2017. Natural and climatic conditions met the requirements for the cultivation of fiber flax. By total and technical stem length the best varieties of the Chinese selection Heiya 4 (K-8485), Sxy 7 (K-8689), the Russian hybrid Tomsk 16 * Success (K-8544), the French variety Drakkar (K-8493), the Ukrainian Glazur (K-8695), 66-72 and 60-66 cm respectively, were significantly higher than the standard Tomsk 16. According to the fiber content in the technical part of the stems (38-40%) the following varieties were the leaders: the Russian selection P-3989 (K-8672), A-236 (K-8692), M-249 (K-8693), the French selection Alizee (K-8494), Agatha (K-8492), Melina (K-8495), and the Ukrainian selection Vruchy (K-8694), were significantly above the Tomsk 16 standard. By the fiber mass (91-104 mg) the French varieties Drakkar (K-8493) and Alizee (K-8494), the Ukrainian varieties Vruchii (K-8694) and Glazur (K8695), the Russian varieties A-236 (K-8692) and M-249 (K-8693) reliably exceeded the Tomsk 16 standard by 6-44 mg. The flax varieties of the Russian selection P-3989 (K-8672), Dobrynya (K8504), A-236 (K-8692), the Chinese Heiya 4 (K-8485), Heiya 13 (K-8486), Tyy 13 (K-8687), the French Agatha (K-8492), Drakkar (K-8493), Alizee (K-8494), Melina (K-8495), and the Ukrainian Gladiator (K-8505) and Vruchiy (K-8694) were recognized as promising and were included in the breeding process as male seed parents. The resulting hybrid material has been on trial in the selection nursery from 2017 and the second year of breeding from 2021.