World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII: Relative frequency of oral mucosal lesions in children, a scoping review

Abstract

Objective To detail a scoping review on the global and regional relative frequencies of oral mucosal disorders in the children based on both clinical studies and those reported from biopsy records. Materials and Methods A literature search was completed from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2018 using PubMed and EMBASE. Results Twenty clinical studies (sample size: 85,976) and 34 studies from biopsy services (40,522 biopsies) were included. Clinically, the most frequent conditions were aphthous ulcerations (1.82%), trauma‐associated lesions (1.33%) and herpes simplex virus (HSV)‐associated lesions (1.33%). Overall, the most commonly biopsied lesions were mucoceles (17.12%), fibrous lesions (9.06%) and pyogenic granuloma (4.87%). By WHO geographic region, the pooled relative frequencies of the most common oral lesions were similar between regions in both clinical and biopsy studies. Across regions, geographic tongue (migratory glossitis), HSV lesions, fissured tongue and trauma‐associated ulcers were the most commonly reported paediatric oral mucosal lesions in clinical studies, while mucoceles, fibrous lesions and pyogenic granuloma were the most commonly biopsied lesions. Conclusions The scoping review suggests data from the clinical studies and biopsy records shared similarities in the most commonly observed mucosal lesions in children across regions. In addition, the majority of lesions were benign in nature.

A Multicenter Study of Tongue Lesions from Thailand

“…In the pediatric patients, the most common tongue lesion in the present study was mucus extravasation phenomenon (mucocele) which is in accordance with previous studies on pediatric oral lesions based on histopathological examination. [7][8][9]15 In the elderly patients, the most common tongue lesion in the present was squamous cell carcinoma which is in accordance with previous studies on geriatric oral lesions based on histopathological examination. [10][11][12][13]…”

“…There have been several epidemiological studies on oral mucosal lesions and tongue lesions constitute a considerable proportion of the oral lesions, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] but information specific to the tongue lesions is difficult or impossible to extract from those studies. Prevalence of tongue lesions varies in different parts of the world due to demographic and/or geographic differences of the sample studied, as well as differences in the diagnostic criteria, study methodology, and sampling process 14 ; hence conducting studies on the prevalence of tongue lesions in different geographic regions seems imperative.…”

“…Prevalence of tongue lesions varies in different parts of the world due to demographic and/or geographic differences of the sample studied, as well as differences in the diagnostic criteria, study methodology, and sampling process 14 ; hence conducting studies on the prevalence of tongue lesions in different geographic regions seems imperative. Pediatric and geriatric patients are special groups of general population which elicit distinctive oral mucosal lesions, [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]15 so it is interesting to know whether tongue as a subsite of the oral mucosa does the same thing. Most of the previous studies were based on clinical observations without histopathological examination.…”

The Oral Microbiota Changes in Orthodontic Patients and Effects on Oral Health: An Overview

“…With regard to virobiome in orthodontic subjects, the scientific literature is silent and has not reported significant works on the presence of viruses associated with orthodontic treatments. However, based on the viral-bacterial interaction found in periodontitis [32], it is reasonable to hypothesize a triggering role of HSV, EBV, and CMV (viruses frequently reported in children and adolescents [70,71]) in periodontal damage if associated with significant amounts of periodontopathogen bacteria.…”

Management of the oral hemangiomas in infants and children: Scoping review

“…However, many oral medicine/pathology specialists often lack capability and experience to adequately treat young children; thus, it is essential that pediatric dentist practitioners must be part and collaborate, as part of a multidisciplinary den-tal/medical team, with the purpose of ensuring that affected children are opportunely diagnosed and treated, contributing thus to increase the patient's quality of life. On the other hand, it has been mentioned that in many towns or cities, particularly of developing countries, specialized clinics combining pediatric dentistry and oral medicine, specific for the management of rare oral mucosal and peri-oral lesions in children, are uncommon or only available in select institutions (46). In summary, and according with the retrieved information, the administration of pharmacological agents (orally or using endovascular techniques with low doses of propranolol or polidocanol), alone or in combination with conservative surgical treatment, are currently the standard management approach for HEM and other benign vascular lesions in the oral and maxillofacial areas of infants and children; these modalities have demonstrated to be effective and safe in several well-controlled clinical studies with adequate follow-up periods.…”