Worsening Paraparesis: A Diagnostic Dilemma for Neurosarcoidosis

Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disorder mostly known to affect the respiratory system. However, about 5-10% of cases develop neurological complications, either de novo or in patients with known sarcoidosis. The most common complications as cited by current literature include cranial nerve palsies, meningitis, and myelopathy. A unilateral thalamic lesion is an extremely rare presentation of disease. As the neurological manifestations of sarcoidosis are uncommon and variable, it poses a diagnostic challenge. We present a challenging case with worsening paraparesis and a step-by-step approach to how it was diagnosed as neurosarcoidosis. We aimed to create awareness about this uncommon manifestation to avoid misdiagnosis and promote early recognition of neurosarcoidosis.