Wound healing in immunocompromised dogs: A comparison between the healing effects of moist exposed burn ointment and honey

Abstract

Background and Aim: Natural topical products have been used to enhance wound healing, especially in immunocompromised animals. The aims of this study were to evaluate and to compare the effects of moist exposed burn ointment (MEBO) and honey on the healing of full-thickness skin wounds in immunocompromised dogs. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using 12 adults, apparently healthy mongrel dogs. Immunosuppression was induced in six dogs by oral administration of prednisone (2 mg/kg) and azathioprine (2 mg/kg), once a day for 21 days. On each dog, a total of 9, 1.5 cm in diameter full-thickness skin circular wounds were created aseptically in the thoracolumbar area under general anesthesia using customized skin punch biopsy kit. In a random fashion, three wounds in each dog were treatment using MEBO (contains b-sitosterol, baicalin, and berberine as active ingredients in a base of beeswax and sesame oil), honey or no treatment (control), once per day for 21 days. Wounds were grossly evaluated once a day for signs of inflammation or infection. In addition, biopsy specimens and digital imaging data of each wound were obtained on days 7, 14, and 21 for histopathological evaluation of the healing process. Results: Wounds in immunocompromised dogs appeared to heal significantly in a slower fashion than in non-immunocompromised counterparts. Digital analysis data showed that MEBO-treated wounds expressed better epithelialization area, faster contraction, and smaller wound area percentage when compared with honey-treated wounds. Histopathological analysis showed significantly higher angiogenesis scores in MEBO-treated wounds when compared with other treatments. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that MEBO resulted in significant enhancement of wound healing in both healthy and immunocompromised dogs. However, when compared to honey, the wound healing effect of MEBO was superior to that of honey.

The effect of mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium gel on burn wound healing in rat

“…There are numerous factors that can damage the body, resulting in permanent damage and even death. One of them is a burn wound because a burn wound can destroy all skin layers from the epidermis up to the hypodermis and other tissues, such as blood vessels, neurons, tendons, and bone, which can increase the chance of severe infection [ 1 ]. Histologically, third-degree burns (full-thickness burn) damage all parts of the dermis and sometimes involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue.…”

Histopathological Evaluation of the Healing Process of Standardized Skin Burns in Rabbits: Assessment of a Natural Product with Honey and Essential Oils

“…In this study, we have added sesame oil and olive oil to the above-mentioned composite to make a new composite that can be useful in the treatment of skin burns. Sesame oil is rich in many biological active ingredients especially β-sitosterol [ 7 , 8 , 37 , 51 ], which is the active ingredient of a commercially available cream (MEBO ® -cream). Additionally, olive oil has been used in various previous studies investigating its role in the wound healing process [ 8 , 43 , 52 , 53 ].…”

“…The majority of these cases occur in low- and middle-income countries in African and South-East Asia regions [ 3 ]. Additionally, skin burns are one of the complicated affections [ 4 ] which recorded in different animals [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. However, to our knowledge, there is no documented data to measure the number of skin affections in animals, neither locally nor globally.…”

“…Other oils of plant origin such as sesame oil [ 22 , 37 , 38 ] and olive oil [ 38 , 39 ] have been subjected to several experimental studies to evaluate their effects on the healing process of skin burns. Sesame oil is considered one of the most important sources of β-sitosterol which is one of the most powerful natural anti-inflammatory [ 7 , 40 ] which used to prevent and treat tissue necrosis [ 40 ]. Additionally, olive oil contains several bioactive ingredients which enhance the regeneration of necrosed tissues [ 8 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

A Next-Generation Sequencing of Plasma Exosome-Derived microRNAs and Target Gene Analysis with a Microarray Database of Thermally Injured Skins: Identification of Blood-to-Tissue Interactions at Early Burn Stage

“… 28 But meanwhile, adverse general conditions of burn individuals, such as immunosuppression state which is proven prevalent at the early burn stage, would greatly hinder the healing process via deranged mediators. 29–31 Since plasma transfusion of burn animals invoked the undesired conversion of remote tissues in repeated reports, 4 , 5 , 7 we hypothesized that circulating exosomes restrained the repairing functions of local cells at the early burn stage, resulting in delayed healing of burn wounds and following infectibility. Furthermore, whether the tendency of the hyperplastic scar in the recovery stage of burns is a “resilience” to the previous suppressive circulating factors shall be an interesting topic of great potential.…”