WRF forecast skill of the Great Plains low level jet and its correlation to forecast skill of mesoscale convective system precipitation

The Orinoco Low‐Level Jet: An Investigation of Its Mechanisms of Formation Using the WRF Model

“…Although extensive research has been done on LLJs in the U.S. Great Plains (e.g., Blackadar, 1957;Bonner, 1963Bonner, , 1968Bonner & Paegle, 1970;Holton, 1967;Krishnamurthy et al, 2015;Parish, 2017;Shapiro et al, 2016;Song et al, 2005;Squitieri, 2014;Weaver & Nigam, 2008;Wexler, 1961;Whiteman et al, 1997;Wu & Raman, 1993) and in other parts of the world as well (e.g., Amador, 2008;Balmez & Ştefan, 2014;Chen & Hsu, 1997;Chen & Tomassini, 2015;Cook & Vizy, 2010;Do Nascimento et al, 2016;Doyle & Warner, 1993;Du, Chen, et al, 2015;Du, Rotunno, et al, 2015;Findlater, 1969;Giannakopoulou & Toumi, 2012;Hart, 1977;He et al, 2016;Hidalgo et al, 2015;Juliano et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2000;Maldonado et al, 2016Maldonado et al, , 2017Marengo et al, 2004;Muñoz et al, 2008;Nicholson, 2016;Patricola & Chang, 2017;Poveda & Mesa, 1999;Poveda et al, 2014;Poveda & Mesa, 2000;Prabha et al, 2011;Rojas, 2008;…”

“…Although extensive research has been done on LLJs in the U.S. Great Plains (e.g., Blackadar, 1957; Bonner, 1963, 1968; Bonner & Paegle, 1970; Du et al, 2014; Holton, 1967; Krishnamurthy et al, 2015; Parish, 2017; Shapiro et al, 2016; Song et al, 2005; Squitieri, 2014; Weaver & Nigam, 2008; Wexler, 1961; Whiteman et al, 1997; Wu & Raman, 1993) and in other parts of the world as well (e.g., Amador, 2008; Balmez & Ştefan, 2014; Chen & Hsu, 1997; Chen & Tomassini, 2015; Cook & Vizy, 2010; Do Nascimento et al, 2016; Doyle & Warner, 1993; Du et al, 2014; Du, Chen, et al, 2015; Du, Rotunno, et al, 2015; Findlater, 1969; Giannakopoulou & Toumi, 2012; Hart, 1977; He et al, 2016; Hidalgo et al, 2015; Juliano et al, 2017; Liu et al, 2000; Maldonado et al, 2016, 2017; Marengo et al, 2004; Muñoz et al, 2008; Nicholson, 2016; Patricola & Chang, 2017; Poveda & Mesa, 1999; Poveda et al, 2014; Poveda & Mesa, 2000; Prabha et al, 2011; Rojas, 2008; Rueda & Poveda, 2006; Silva et al, 2009; Soares et al, 2014; Vera et al, 2006; Virji, 1981; Wang et al, 2008; Wei et al, 2013; Whyte et al, 2008; Zhao et al, 2003), just a few authors have investigated the low‐level wind maximum occurring during the austral summer in the savannas of the Orinoco River basin. Hereafter, this phenomenon is referred to as the Orinoco low‐level jet (OLLJ).…”