Radiation
detection, using materials to convert high-energy photons
to low-energy photons (X-ray imaging) or electrical charges (X-ray
detector), has become essential for a wide range of applications including
medical diagnostic technologies, computed tomography, quality inspection
and security, etc. Metal halide perovskite-based high-resolution scintillation-imaging
screens or direct conversion detectors are promising candidates for
such applications, because they have high absorption cross sections
for X-rays due to their heavy atom (e.g., Pb2+, Bi3+, I–) compositions; moreover, these materials
are solution-processable at low temperature, possessing tunable bandgaps,
near-unity photoluminescence quantum yields, low trap density, high
charge carrier mobility, and fast photoresponse. In this review, we
explore and decipher the working mechanism of scintillators and direct
conversion detectors as well as the key advantages of halide perovskites
for both detection approaches. We further discuss the recent advancements
in this promising research area, pointing out the remaining challenges
and our perspective for future research directions toward perovskite-based
X-ray applications.