2015
DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors3020070
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X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic Characterization of Chemically Modified Electrodes Used as Chemical Sensors and Biosensors: A Review

Abstract: Abstract:The characterization of chemically modified sensors and biosensors is commonly performed by cyclic voltammetry and electron microscopies, which allow verifying electrode mechanisms and surface morphologies. Among other techniques, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) plays a unique role in giving access to qualitative, quantitative/semi-quantitative and speciation information concerning the sensor surface. Nevertheless, XPS remains rather underused in this field. The aim of this paper is to review s… Show more

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Cited by 149 publications
(78 citation statements)
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“…In the XPS spectra of CNF, the strong C1s peak at 286.1 eV was mainly related to the C-2 carbon. But, in CNF/PB spectrum the strong C1s peak at 284.5 eV was related to the C-1 carbon, while the C-2 peak was relatively weak21374849. This change confirms that the primary hydroxyl groups were involved in the complexation.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 88%
“…In the XPS spectra of CNF, the strong C1s peak at 286.1 eV was mainly related to the C-2 carbon. But, in CNF/PB spectrum the strong C1s peak at 284.5 eV was related to the C-1 carbon, while the C-2 peak was relatively weak21374849. This change confirms that the primary hydroxyl groups were involved in the complexation.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 88%
“…The minor peak located at 533.1 eV is assigned to the water molecules present in the complex. 39 The other major peak at 532.5 eV is assigned to the Ni(OCNH 2 ) bond. 40 Aer polymerization, the O1s spectra is deconvoluted to one peak located at 532.4 eV, which is also ascribed to the Ni(OCNH 2 ) bond.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For CN‐MG‐CH (Table S8) the C 1s is characterized by three peaks at BEs of 285.62 eV, 284.15 eV, and 286.5 eV; they correspond to the following chemical groups: CN, C(O, =N); CC, CH and C≡N, O‐C‐O, CO, respectively. The N 1s can be deconvoluted with three peaks at BEs: 398.56 eV, 398.45 eV, and 400.22 eV; they can be assigned to CN, NH 2 , =NH, ≡N and NH 3 + respectively.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%