X-ray spectroscopy study of ZnxSn1−xO2 nanorods synthesized by hydrothermal technique

Defect ferromagnetism in SnO2:Zn2+ hierarchical nanostructures: correlation between structural, electronic and magnetic properties

“…This decreases in binding energy of the Sn 3d doublet can be attributed to the presence of oxygen vacancies with addition of Zn dopant. 31,44,45 It can be noted that at x ¼ 0.10 the chemical shi in Sn 3d is not following the same trend as it is showing from x ¼ 0.00 to x ¼ 0.04 which could be due to the reason that at higher concentration Zn going more to bulk sites as compare to surface sites. Fig.…”

“…The main peak (centred at 531.2 eV for x ¼ 0.00, at 529.9 eV for x ¼ 0.04 and at 528.6 eV for x ¼ 0.10) was assigned to the coordination of oxygen in Sn-O-Sn, while the shoulder at higher binding energy side could be ascribed to Sn-O-Zn bonds. 31,39 The chemical shi towards lower binding energy as a function of Zn-doping can be attributed to the increasing number of V O . To analyse it further, Fig.…”

“…oxygen vacancies, substitutional atoms, etc. Several previous reports 26,27,[29][30][31][32][33][34] have demonstrated that the morphologies and properties of SnO 2 can be modied by Zn doping since incorporation of zinc into the SnO 2 lattice modies the local structure and the growth rate of different crystallographic planes. In particular Zn 2+ ions in the SnO 2 lattice inhibit the growth along the [110] direction, promoting the anisotropic growth of nanorods.…”

Influence of Cu‐Doping Concentration on the Structural and Optical Properties of SnO2 Nanoparticles by Coprecipitation Route

“…The increase of the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) with Cu 2+ ion concentration is an indication of the decrease of crystallite size in the doped SnO 2 samples [32,33] (Figure 2(b)). The average crystallite size was calculated by Scherrer's formula and Williamson-Hall (W-H) plot.…”