X-Ray Tomographic Microscopy (XTM) Using Synchrotron Radiation

Kinney, J.H.; Nichols, Mike

doi:10.1146/annurev.ms.22.080192.001005

Cited by 243 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…XCT evaluation was performed at the Advanced Light Source synchrotron radiation facility at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; the setup is similar to standard tomography procedures [51] in that samples are rotated in a monochromatic x-ray beam and the transmitted x-rays imaged via a scintillator, magnifying lens and a digital camera to give an effective voxel size in the reconstructed three-dimensional image of 1.8 m. Samples were scanned in absorption mode and the reconstructed images were obtained using a filtered back-projection algorithm.…”

Section: Microstructural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the effect of X-ray irradiation on the deformation and fracture behavior of human cortical bone

Barth

Launey

MacDowell

et al. 2010

Bone

183

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In situ mechanical testing coupled with imaging using high-energy synchrotron x-ray diffraction or tomography imaging is gaining in popularity as a technique to investigate micrometer and even sub-micrometer deformation and fracture mechanisms in mineralized tissues, such as bone and teeth. However, the role of the irradiation in affecting the nature and properties of the tissue is not always taken into account. Accordingly, we examine here the effect of x-ray synchrotron-source irradiation on the mechanistic aspects of deformation and fracture in human cortical bone. Specifically, the strength, ductility and fracture resistance (both work-of-fracture and resistancecurve fracture toughness) of human femoral bone in the transverse (breaking) orientation were evaluated following exposures to 0.05, 70, 210 and 630 kGy irradiation. Our results show that the radiation typically used in tomography imaging can have a major and deleterious impact on the strength, post-yield behavior and fracture toughness of cortical bone, with the severity of the effect progressively increasing with higher doses of radiation. Plasticity was essentially suppressed after as little as 70 kGy of radiation; the fracture toughness was decreased by a factor of five after 210 kGy of radiation. Mechanistically, the irradiation was found to alter the salient toughening mechanisms, manifest by the progressive elimination of the bone's capacity for plastic deformation which restricts the intrinsic toughening from the formation "plastic zones" around crack-like defects. Deep-ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy indicated that this behavior could be related to degradation in the collagen integrity.

show abstract

Section: Microstructural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the effect of X-ray irradiation on the deformation and fracture behavior of human cortical bone

Barth

Launey

MacDowell

et al. 2010

Bone

183

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because defects such as cracks and cavities could not absorb x-rays, the rays penetrated the defects before being received by the x-ray detector, leading to a lighter gray scale, so the defects could be imaged. [36][37][38] A series of 540 images, taken at angular increments of 2/3°, were acquired at a specimen-source distance of 9.5 mm and a specimen-detector distance of 190 mm. The spatial resolution of the Y. Cougar-Feinfocus imaging system was determined by x-ray tube voltage and current, the x-ray magnification, and detection efficiency.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Visualization of the Crack-Growth Behavior of Nano-Silver Joints During Shear Creep

Tan

Chen

et al. 2014

Journal of Elec Materi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evolution of creep damage in nano-silver sintered lap shear joints was investigated at 325°C. Non-destructive x-ray three-dimensional (3D) visualization clearly revealed the crack-growth behavior of the joint; this could be divided into three stages. In the initial stage, little development of cracks occurred. In the second stage, cracks propagated at a consistent rate. In the final stage, rapid extension of the cracks led directly to fracture of the joint. Three-dimensional volume-rendered images and fractographic analysis showed that the growth of macroscopic initial cracks at the interfaces dominated the creep fracture process. Initial failure of nano-silver sintered lap shear joints often occurred at interfacial nano-silver paste layers. Both the size and position of the initial interfacial cracks had significant effects on the final creep failure of the joints, and higher stresses led to greater porosity and earlier failure.

show abstract

“…Soil cores were imaged at a 9.6 µm resolution using the bending magnet beam line 13-BM-D, which provides a parallel beam of highbrilliance radiation with a vertical beam size of about 5 mm. Specific synchrotron tomographic procedures and additional details can be found in Kinney and Nichols (1992).…”

Section: Image Acquisition and Tomographic Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrotron microtomographic quantification of geometrical soil pore characteristics affected by compaction

Udawatta

Gantzer

Anderson

et al. 2016

SOIL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Soil compaction degrades soil structure and affects water, heat, and gas exchange as well as root penetration and crop production. The objective of this study was to use X-ray computed microtomography (CMT) techniques to compare differences in geometrical soil pore parameters as influenced by compaction of two different aggregate size classes. Sieved (diameter < 2 mm and < 0.5 mm) and repacked (1.51 and 1.72 Mg m −3 ) Hamra soil cores of 5 by 5 mm (average porosities were 0.44 and 0.35) were imaged at 9.6 µm resolution at the Argonne Advanced Photon Source (synchrotron facility) using X-ray CMT. Images of 58.9 mm 3 volume were analyzed using 3-Dimensional Medial Axis (3-DMA) software. Geometrical characteristics of the spatial distributions of pore structures (pore radii, volume, connectivity, path length, and tortuosity) were numerically investigated. Results show that the coordination number (CN) distribution and path length (PL) measured from the medial axis were reasonably fit by exponential relationships P(CN) = 10 −CN/Co and P(PL) = 10 −PL/PLo , respectively, where Co and PLo are the corresponding characteristic constants. Compaction reduced porosity, average pore size, number of pores, and characteristic constants. The average pore radii (63.7 and 61 µm; p < 0.04), largest pore volume (1.58 and 0.58 mm 3 ; p = 0.06), number of pores (55 and 50; p = 0.09), and characteristic coordination number (3.74 and 3.94; p = 0.02) were significantly different between the low-density than the high-density treatment. Aggregate size also influenced measured geometrical pore parameters. This analytical technique provides a tool for assessing changes in soil pores that affect hydraulic properties and thereby provides information to assist in assessment of soil management systems.

show abstract

X-Ray Tomographic Microscopy (XTM) Using Synchrotron Radiation

Cited by 243 publications

References 0 publications

On the effect of X-ray irradiation on the deformation and fracture behavior of human cortical bone

On the effect of X-ray irradiation on the deformation and fracture behavior of human cortical bone

Three-Dimensional Visualization of the Crack-Growth Behavior of Nano-Silver Joints During Shear Creep

Synchrotron microtomographic quantification of geometrical soil pore characteristics affected by compaction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About