1999
DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4539(199907/08)28:4<255::aid-xrs347>3.0.co;2-y
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X-ray tube spectra

Abstract: X‐ray tube spectra make an essential contribution to the quantitative description of experimental setups or for quantitative x‐ray analysis. After an outline of the historical development of the description of tube spectra the approaches given by Wiederschwinger, Ebel et al. Schossmann et al. and Pella et al. are treated in detail. Summarizing the theoretical treatment and the applications, it can be stated that both approaches give comparable results over a certain spectral range. Pella's approach is restrict… Show more

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Cited by 85 publications
(48 citation statements)
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“…Nevertheless, the experimental spectral distributions are published only for selected voltages and types of X-ray tube (take-off angle and thickness of the Be window although absorption in Be window can be easily corrected). Therefore, X-ray tube spectrum (both characteristic line intensities and continuum intensity) can be calculated from theoretical or semi-empirical algorithms (Ebel, 1999;Pella et al, 1985 andFinkelshtein and Pavlova, 1999). In practice, the application of fundamental parameter method consists of two steps: calibration and analysis of unknown sample.…”
Section: Fundamental Parameter Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nevertheless, the experimental spectral distributions are published only for selected voltages and types of X-ray tube (take-off angle and thickness of the Be window although absorption in Be window can be easily corrected). Therefore, X-ray tube spectrum (both characteristic line intensities and continuum intensity) can be calculated from theoretical or semi-empirical algorithms (Ebel, 1999;Pella et al, 1985 andFinkelshtein and Pavlova, 1999). In practice, the application of fundamental parameter method consists of two steps: calibration and analysis of unknown sample.…”
Section: Fundamental Parameter Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Relative mass fraction of the nutrient elements Figure 3 shows the energy spectrum of the X-ray source, calculated according to Ebel et al (1989) and Ebel (1999), an example of the resulting fluorescence spectrum (in the case of a fertilised sample) and the fitting of the fluorescence peaks of the individual elements to the spectrum. Figure 4 shows the relative mass fractions w rel of the elements as a function of annual ring.…”
Section: Density and Mass Absorption Coefficient For X-raysmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3 An example of the XRF results. a The calculated energy spectrum of the Ti-anode X-ray tube used in the XRF measurements (Ebel et al 1989;Ebel 1999). b, c An example of the measured XRF spectra and fitting of the fluorescence lines.…”
Section: Density and Mass Absorption Coefficient For X-raysmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As far as the comparison with laboratory XRF setups, sophisticated configurations with high-power rotating anode x-ray tubes coupled with monochromator elements and filters could approach or overpass the performance reported here (flux and energy resolution) within the mid x-ray energy range (∼6 keV). 41 For the softer x-ray energy regime (<2.0 keV), comparable performance can be reached only for the characteristic line of the given tube's anode material, i.e., W-Mα, (since these low energy photon intensities are getting very low due to the low take-off angle from the anode, the tube's exit window, etc.). 42,43 …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%