Xanthine oxidase activity in Pig’s blood and oxidative stress assay

Дементьев, А. В.

doi:10.3103/s1068367413010059

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In humans allantoin is formed when reactive oxygen species (ROS) act on uric acid and allantoin is considered a marker of oxidative stress in humans 46 . Xanthine oxidase is also present in pig tissue 47 and the oxidizing environment it generates represents a possible route for the production of allantoin. However, pigs also have uricase, an enzyme that converts uric acid into allantoin.…”

Section: 0 Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic analysis of survival in carbohydrate pre-fed pigs subjected to shock and polytrauma

et al. 2016

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Hemorrhagic shock, a result of extensive blood loss, is a dominant factor in battlefield morbidity and mortality. Early rodent studies in hemorrhagic shock reported carbohydrate feeding prior to the induction of hemorrhagic shock decreased mortality. When repeated in our laboratory with a porcine model, carbohydrate pre-feed resulted in a 60% increase in death rate following hemorrhagic shock with trauma when compared to fasted animals (15/32 or 47% vs 9/32 or 28%). In an attempt to explain the unexpected death rate for pre-fed animals, we further investigated the metabolic profiles of pre-fed non-survivors (n = 15) across 4 compartments (liver, muscle, serum, and urine) at specific time intervals (pre-shock, shock, and resuscitation) and compared them to pre-fed survivors (n = 17). As hypothesized, pre-fed pigs that died as a result of hemorrhage and trauma showed differences in their metabolic and physiologic profiles at all time intervals and in all compartments when compared to pre-fed survivors. Our data suggest that, although all animals were subjected to the same shock and trauma protocol, non-survivors exhibited altered carbohydrate processing as early as the pre-shock sampling point. This was evident in (for example) the higher levels of ATP and markers of greater anabolic activity in the muscle at the pre-shock time point. Based on the metabolic findings, we propose two mechanisms that connect pre-fed status to a higher death rate: 1) animals that die are more susceptible to opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, a major factor in ischemia/reperfusion injury; and 2) loss of fasting-associated survival mechanisms in pre-fed animals.

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Section: 0 Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic analysis of survival in carbohydrate pre-fed pigs subjected to shock and polytrauma

et al. 2016

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“…Xanthine oxidase belongs to the chief system that shapes the formation of active oxygen metabolites exerting a damaging effect at tissue and cellular levels. Strong xanthine oxidase functions stimulating the induction of superoxide, carcinogenesis, and cell apoptosis have been established (Dement'ev, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification of Xanthine Oxidase Enzyme and Investigation of Its Immobilization with Glutaraldehyde

Kaya

Işık

Uzunoğlu

et al. 2022

Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi

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Xanthine oxidase (XO), in purine metabolism is a flavoprotein containing molybdenum with a key role. It has biological functions such as regeneration of NAD+, iron absorption and mobilization, reduction of nitrates. In this study, xanthine oxidase enzyme was purified by Sepharose-4B-L-tyrosine-4-aminobenzamidine dihydrochloride gel according to affinity chromatography technique and immobilization on glutaraldehyde was investigated. XO purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and affinity chromatography was obtained with an 11.5 % yield and 694.04 degrees of purity. The purity of XO was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and a single band of around 150 kDa was observed. Kinetic constants (KM and VMax) of the enzyme were determined 1.67x10-4 M and 0.56 U/mL.min respectively by using xanthine compound as a substrate. The in vitro effects of NH4F, NH4Cl, CaCl2, ZnCl2, HgCl2, Hg(NO3)2.H2O compounds and commercially named colchicum dispert, commonly used in the treatment of gout disease in the clinic, were investigated. The IC50 values of compounds showing inhibition effect were determined. Afterward XO was immobilized on glutaraldehyde, which was used as a solid support material. The highest XO activity was observed in the sample of the immobilized enzyme at a rate of 6 % glutaraldehyde. The kinetic constants (KM and VMax) of the immobilized enzyme were determined as 5.18x10-4 M and 0.73 U/mL.min respectively. These values revealed that the catalytic activity of the free enzyme was higher than the immobilized enzyme.

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Xanthine oxidase activity in Pig’s blood and oxidative stress assay

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Metabolomic analysis of survival in carbohydrate pre-fed pigs subjected to shock and polytrauma

Metabolomic analysis of survival in carbohydrate pre-fed pigs subjected to shock and polytrauma

Purification of Xanthine Oxidase Enzyme and Investigation of Its Immobilization with Glutaraldehyde

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