Xanthohumol and 8-prenylnaringenin reduce type 2 diabetes–associated oxidative stress by downregulating galectin-3

Luís, Carla; Costa, Raquel; Rodrigues, Ilda; Castela, Ângela; Coelho, Pedro; Guerreiro, Susana G.; Gomes, Joana; Reis, Celso A.; Soares, Raquel

doi:10.1016/j.pbj.0000000000000023

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a versatile protein that belongs to the lectin family and has been implicated predominantly in cardiac, liver and kidney fibrosis and inflammation [145,146]. Overexpression of Gal-3 is associated with accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGE), oxidative stress products (3-nitrotyrosine protein, superoxide radicals) and activation of the pro-apoptotic c-Jun-N-terminal kinase 1/2 stress signaling pathway, which directly influences the development of endothelial dysfunction and altered vascular reparation [147,148].…”

Section: Galectin-3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Cardiac Biomarkers in Diabetes Mellitus: A New Dawn for Risk Stratification—A Narrative Review

Berezin

2020

Diabetes Ther

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The aim of this narrative review is to update the current knowledge on the differential choice of circulating cardiac biomarkers in patients with prediabetes and established type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are numerous circulating biomarkers with unconfirmed abilities to predict clinical outcomes in pre-DM and DM individuals; the prognostication ability of the cardiac biomarkers reported here has been established, and they are still being studied. The conventional cardiac biomarkers, such as natriuretic peptides (NPs), soluble suppressor tumorigenisity-2, high-sensitivity circulating cardiac troponins and galectin-3, were useful to ascertain cardiovascular (CV) risk. Each cardiac biomarker has its strengths and weaknesses that affect the price of usage, specificity, sensitivity, predictive value and superiority in face-to-face comparisons. Additionally, there have been confusing reports regarding their abilities to be predictably relevant among patients without known CV disease. The large spectrum of promising cardiac biomarkers (growth/differential factor-15, heart-type fatty acid-binding protein, cardiotrophin-1, carboxy-terminal telopeptide of collagen type 1, apelin and noncoding RNAs) is discussed in the context of predicting CV diseases and events in patients with known prediabetes and T2DM. Various reasons have been critically discussed related to the variable findings regarding biomarker-based prediction of CV risk among patients with metabolic disease. It was found that NPs and hs-cTnT are still the most important tools that have an affordable price as well as high sensitivity and specificity to predict clinical outcomes among patients with pre-DM and DM in routine clinical practice, but other circulating biomarkers need to be carefully investigated in large trials in the future.

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Section: Galectin-3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Cardiac Biomarkers in Diabetes Mellitus: A New Dawn for Risk Stratification—A Narrative Review

Berezin

2020

Diabetes Ther

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“…In an animal model (C57Bl/6 mice) of type 2 diabetes mellitus induced by a high-fat diet (HFD), Luís et al showed that 8-prenylnaringenin normalized the expression of Galectin-3 (Gal3), a protein overexpressed during the diabetic state, and was strongly associated with oxidative stress in the liver and kidneys of diabetic mice. In addition, it reduced 3-nitrotyrosine (a marker of cell damage), inflammation, and nitric oxide (NO) production, and promoted the production of glycation end products (AGEs) [ 27 ]. Increased levels of AGEs in response to diabetic inflammation have been reported to play a role in tissue stiffness, increased blood pressure, heart failure, and endothelial dysfunction [ 28 ].…”

Section: Main Citrus Flavonoids With Antidiabetic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study included in our survey demonstrated that xanthohumol reduced the expression of Gal3, a protein responsible for multiple complications and diabetic progression in HFD-fed type 2 diabetic C57Bl/6 mice. In addition to reducing Gal3 expression, xanthohumol has also been shown to reduce oxidative stress biomarkers associated with diabetes such as 3-nitrotyrosine and AGEs in the liver and kidneys, validating its remedial effect against this chronic metabolic disease [ 27 ].…”

Section: Main Citrus Flavonoids With Antidiabetic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citrus Flavonoids as Promising Phytochemicals Targeting Diabetes and Related Complications: A Systematic Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

et al. 2020

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The consumption of plant-based food is important for health promotion, especially concerning the prevention and management of chronic diseases. Flavonoids are the main bioactive compounds in citrus fruits, with multiple beneficial effects, especially antidiabetic effects. We systematically review the potential antidiabetic action and molecular mechanisms of citrus flavonoids based on in vitro and in vivo studies. A search of the PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection databases for articles published since 2010 was carried out using the keywords citrus, flavonoid, and diabetes. All articles identified were analyzed, and data were extracted using a standardized form. The search identified 38 articles, which reported that 19 citrus flavonoids, including 8-prenylnaringenin, cosmosiin, didymin, diosmin, hesperetin, hesperidin, isosiennsetin, naringenin, naringin, neohesperidin, nobiletin, poncirin, quercetin, rhoifolin, rutin, sineesytin, sudachitin, tangeretin, and xanthohumol, have antidiabetic potential. These flavonoids regulated biomarkers of glycemic control, lipid profiles, renal function, hepatic enzymes, and antioxidant enzymes, and modulated signaling pathways related to glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity that are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its related complications. Citrus flavonoids, therefore, are promising antidiabetic candidates, while their antidiabetic effects remain to be verified in forthcoming human studies.

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“…Galectin-3 is a lectin family protein that has been associated with fibrosis and inflammation in cardiac, kidney and liver diseases[ 134 , 135 ]. Galectin-3 levels correlate with accumulation of AGE, oxidative stress products and pro-apoptotic pathways which directly promote endothelial dysfunction[ 136 , 137 ]. Perhaps the most important role of galectin-3 is its role in HF, where galectin-3 is an important mediator by which multiple molecules, such as At II and aldosterone, exert their pro-fibrotic activity and where it is able to promote oxidative stress with well-known repercussions[ 138 - 143 ].…”

Section: Biomarkers In Diabetic Cardiomyopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of novel biomarkers in diabetic cardiomyopathy

Kumrić¹,

Kurir²,

Borovac³

et al. 2021

WJD

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Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is commonly defined as cardiomyopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus in the absence of coronary artery disease and hypertension. As DCM is now recognized as a cause of substantial morbidity and mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus and clinical diagnosis is still inappropriate, various expert groups struggled to identify a suitable biomarker that will help in the recognition and management of DCM, with little success so far. Hence, we thought it important to address the role of biomarkers that have shown potential in either human or animal studies and which could eventually result in mitigating the poor outcomes of DCM. Among the array of biomarkers we thoroughly analyzed, long noncoding ribonucleic acids, soluble form of suppression of tumorigenicity 2 and galectin-3 seem to be most beneficial for DCM detection, as their plasma/serum levels accurately correlate with the early stages of DCM. The combination of relatively inexpensive and accurate speckle tracking echocardiography with some of the highlighted biomarkers may be a promising screening method for newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus type 2 patients. The purpose of the screening test would be to direct affected patients to more specific confirmation tests. This perspective is in concordance with current guidelines that accentuate the importance of an interdisciplinary team-based approach.

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Xanthohumol and 8-prenylnaringenin reduce type 2 diabetes–associated oxidative stress by downregulating galectin-3

Cited by 24 publications

References 28 publications

Circulating Cardiac Biomarkers in Diabetes Mellitus: A New Dawn for Risk Stratification—A Narrative Review

Circulating Cardiac Biomarkers in Diabetes Mellitus: A New Dawn for Risk Stratification—A Narrative Review

Citrus Flavonoids as Promising Phytochemicals Targeting Diabetes and Related Complications: A Systematic Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

Role of novel biomarkers in diabetic cardiomyopathy

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