XIST promotes gastric cancer (GC) progression through TGF‐β1 via targeting miR‐185

Abstract

LncRNAs and microRNAs can play significant roles in various cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). In our study, we investigated the role of lncRNA XIST in GC. We observed that XIST was increased in MGC803 and BGC823 cells compared to human normal gastric epithelial GES-1 cells. It was also shown that miR-185 was decreased in GC cell lines. Silencing XIST can inhibit the growth of GC cells and bioinformatics analysis was performed to confirm the correlation between XIST and miR-185. Interestingly, a negative correlation was indicated between XIST and miR-185 in GC cells. In addition, TGF-β1 was predicted as a target gene of miR-185. miR-185 can modulate TGF-β1 expression negatively in vitro. Moreover, we found that sh-XIST inhibited GC development via decreasing TGF-β1 by upregulating miR-185 in vitro. Therefore, we speculated that XIST can act as a competing endogenous lncRNA (ceRNA) to regulate TGF-β1 by sponging miR-185 in GC. Taken these together, it was indicated that XIST/miR-185/TGF-β1 axis participated in the development of GC. XIST could act as a potential prognostic biomarker in GC development.

Retracted Article: Long non-coding RNA XIST promotes proliferation, autophagy and inhibits apoptosis by regulating microRNA-30c/ATG5 axis in gastric cancer

“…Hence, the roles and molecular mechanisms of XIST in GC cell proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy were further explored. Consistent with prior reports, 15,16,30 XIST was highly expressed in GC tissues and cell lines and XIST knockdown suppressed proliferation and triggered apoptosis in GC cells. Moreover, our study disclosed that XIST depletion inhibited autophagy in GC cells.…”

“…28,29 LncRNA XIST has been reported to be an oncogenic factor in GC. 15,16,30 For instance, Ma et al showed that XIST facilitated cell cycle progression and cell invasion and impeded cell apoptosis by regulating microRNA-497/metastasis-associated in colon cancer1 (MACC1) axis in GC. 15 Chen et al demonstrated that the depletion of XIST suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and hampered tumor growth and metastasis in vivo through regulating microRNA-101/enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in GC.…”

Expression of Concern: HOXD‐AS1/miR‐130a sponge regulates glioma development by targeting E2F8

“…10 LncRNAs have been shown to form a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of RNA crosstalk by acting as molecular sponges for microRNAs (miRNAs), [11][12][13][14] thereby modulating their gene repressive activity. 15,16 In the competing mechanism, lncRNA compete for the same pool of miRNA with specific mRNAs, thereby desuppressing the mRNAs. 17,18 Sponges encompass different RNAs competing with each other to attract miRNAs for interactions and exert their decoy activity by recruiting miRNA molecules via basepairing with miRNA-recognition elements (MREs).…”

Knockdown of lncRNA‑UCA1 inhibits the proliferation and migration of melanoma cells through modulating the miR‑28‑5p/HOXB3 axis

“…Through interacting with miRs, lncRNAs can regulate the expression of miRs and thus the downstream target genes (35,36). For instance, the lncRNA X inactive specific transcript acts as a competing endogenous lncRNA to regulate transforming growth factor-β1 by sponging miR-185 in gastric cancer (37). The lncRNA H19 promotes glucose metabolism and cell growth in malignant melanoma via inhibition of miR-106a-5p and thus upregulation of E2F3 (24).…”